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Association of Dairy Consumption With Metabolic Syndrome, Hypertension and Diabetes in 147 812 Individuals From 21 Countries Publisher Pubmed



Bhavadharini B1 ; Dehghan M1 ; Mente A1, 2 ; Rangarajan S1 ; Sheridan P1 ; Mohan V3, 4 ; Iqbal R5 ; Gupta R6 ; Lear S7 ; Wentzelviljoen E8 ; Avezum A9 ; Lopezjaramillo P10 ; Mony P11 ; Varma RP12 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Bhavadharini B1
  2. Dehghan M1
  3. Mente A1, 2
  4. Rangarajan S1
  5. Sheridan P1
  6. Mohan V3, 4
  7. Iqbal R5
  8. Gupta R6
  9. Lear S7
  10. Wentzelviljoen E8
  11. Avezum A9
  12. Lopezjaramillo P10
  13. Mony P11
  14. Varma RP12
  15. Kumar R13
  16. Chifamba J14
  17. Alhabib KF15
  18. Mohammadifard N16
  19. Oguz A17
  20. Lanas F18
  21. Rozanska D19
  22. Bengtsson Bostrom K20
  23. Yusoff K21
  24. Tsolkile LP22
  25. Dans A23
  26. Yusufali A24
  27. Orlandini A25
  28. Poirier P26
  29. Khatib R27
  30. Hu B28
  31. Wei L29
  32. Yin L28
  33. Deeraili A30
  34. Yeates K31
  35. Yusuf R32
  36. Ismail N33
  37. Mozaffarian D34
  38. Teo K1, 2, 35
  39. Anand SS1, 2, 35
  40. Yusuf S1, 2, 35
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
  2. 2. Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
  3. 3. Epidemiology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  4. 4. Diabetology, Dr Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre Gopalapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  5. 5. Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
  6. 6. Preventive Cardiology, Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
  7. 7. Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
  8. 8. North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
  9. 9. Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  10. 10. University of Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
  11. 11. St John's Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
  12. 12. Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
  13. 13. Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
  14. 14. University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
  15. 15. King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  16. 16. Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  17. 17. Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Marmara, Turkiye
  18. 18. Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
  19. 19. Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Dolnoslaskie, Poland
  20. 20. University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
  21. 21. Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  22. 22. University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
  23. 23. University of the Philippines System, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
  24. 24. Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  25. 25. Estudios Clinicos Latino America, Rosario, Argentina
  26. 26. Cardiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec, Quebec City, QC, Canada
  27. 27. Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
  28. 28. Peking Union Medical College School of Basic Medicine, Beijing, China
  29. 29. Medical Research and Biometrics Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Fuwai Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
  30. 30. Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wulumuqi, Xinjiang, China
  31. 31. Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
  32. 32. Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  33. 33. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
  34. 34. Tufts Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Boston, MA, United States
  35. 35. Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

Source: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care Published:2020


Abstract

Objective Our aims were to assess the association of dairy intake with prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (cross-sectionally) and with incident hypertension and incident diabetes (prospectively) in a large multinational cohort study. Methods The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study is a prospective epidemiological study of individuals aged 35 and 70 years from 21 countries on five continents, with a median follow-up of 9.1 years. In the cross-sectional analyses, we assessed the association of dairy intake with prevalent MetS and its components among individuals with information on the five MetS components (n=112 922). For the prospective analyses, we examined the association of dairy with incident hypertension (in 57 547 individuals free of hypertension) and diabetes (in 131 481 individuals free of diabetes). Results In cross-sectional analysis, higher intake of total dairy (at least two servings/day compared with zero intake; OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.80, p-trend<0.0001) was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS after multivariable adjustment. Higher intakes of whole fat dairy consumed alone (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.78, p-trend<0.0001), or consumed jointly with low fat dairy (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.98, p-trend=0.0005), were associated with a lower MetS prevalence. Low fat dairy consumed alone was not associated with MetS (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.38, p-trend=0.13). In prospective analysis, 13 640 people with incident hypertension and 5351 people with incident diabetes were recorded. Higher intake of total dairy (at least two servings/day vs zero serving/day) was associated with a lower incidence of hypertension (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.97, p-trend=0.02) and diabetes (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.02, p-trend=0.01). Directionally similar associations were found for whole fat dairy versus each outcome. Conclusions Higher intake of whole fat (but not low fat) dairy was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS and most of its component factors, and with a lower incidence of hypertension and diabetes. Our findings should be evaluated in large randomized trials of the effects of whole fat dairy on the risks of MetS, hypertension, and diabetes. © © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
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