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Sheep Serve As a Reservoir of Trichophyton Mentagrophytes Genotype V Infection Publisher Pubmed



Nikkholgh S1 ; Pchelin IM2 ; Zarei Mahmoudabadi A1 ; Shabanzadehbardar M1 ; Gharaghani M3 ; Sharifzadeh A4 ; Mokhtari Hooyeh M4 ; Mohammadi R5 ; Nouripoursisakht S3 ; Katiraee F6 ; Rezaeimatehkolaei A1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, 61357-15794, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russian Federation
  3. 3. Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, 75919-94799, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14199-63114, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666-16471, Iran

Source: Medical Mycology Published:2023


Abstract

Human infections by Trichophyton mentagrophytes occur mainly due to contact with diseased animals. In Iran, T. mentagrophytes genotype V is the most prevalent variant of the fungus. We aimed to determine the animal reservoir of T. mentagrophytes genotype V infection. The study was done on a total of 577 dermatophyte strains obtained from animals with signs of dermatophytosis and human patients. The list of extensively sampled animals included sheep, cows, cats and dogs. For human cases, epidemiological data were collected. All dermatophyte isolates from animals along with 70 human isolates morphologically similar to T. verrucosum and T. mentagrophytes genotype V were identified by rDNA internal transcribed spacer region restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing. A total of 334 animal dermatophyte strains were identified as Microsporum canis, T. mentagrophytes genotype V, T. verrucosum, Nannizzia gypsea, T. mentagrophytes genotype II∗, T. mentagrophytes genotype VII, T. quinckeanum, and N. fulva. All clinical isolates identified as T. mentagrophytes genotype V originated from skin and scalp infections. Almost all veterinary isolates of T. mentagrophytes genotype V were cultured from sheep, but epidemiological data on animal-to-human transmission of T. mentagrophytes genotype V infection were limited and we found evidence in favor of interhuman transmission. In Iran, sheep maintain T. mentagrophytes genotype V population and therefore serve as animal reservoir of respective infections. The role of sheep as the source of human dermatophytosis due to T. mentagrophytes genotype V isolates is yet to be proven. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.
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