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Comparison of in Vitro Activities of Newer Triazoles and Classic Antifungal Agents Against Dermatophyte Species Isolated From Iranian University Hospitals: A Multi-Central Study Publisher Pubmed



Badiee P1 ; Shokohi T2 ; Hashemi J3 ; Mohammadi R4 ; Najafzadeh MJ5 ; Amin Shahidi M1 ; Ghasemi F1 ; Jafarian H1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Invasive Fungi Research Centre (IFRC), Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  3. 3. Medical Mycology Department, School of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Source: Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials Published:2023


Abstract

Background: Dermatophytes have the ability to invade the keratin layer of humans and cause infections. The aims of this study were the accurate identification of dermatophytes by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism method and sequencing and comparison between the in vitro activities of newer and established antifungal agents against them. Methods: Clinical specimens of patients from five Iranian university laboratories were entered in this study. Samples were cultured on sabouraud dextrose agar medium. For molecular identification, extracted DNAs were amplified by the universal fungal primers ITS1 and ITS4, and digested with MvaI enzymes. The antifungal susceptibility test for each isolate to terbinafine, griseofulvin, caspofungin, fluconazole, itraconazole, luliconazole, and isavuconazole was performed, according to the microdilution CLSI M38-A2 and CLSI M61 standard methods. Results: Two hundred and seven fungi species similar to dermatophytes were isolated of which 198 (95.6%) were dermatophytes by molecular assay. The most commonly isolated were Trichophyton mentagrophytes (76/198), followed by Trichophyton interdigitale (57/198), Trichophyton rubrum (34/198), Trichophyton tonsurans (12/198), Microsporum canis (10/198), Trichophyton simii (3/198), Epidermophyton floccosum (3/198), Trichophyton violaceum (2/198), and Trichophyton benhamiae (1/198). The GM MIC and MIC90 values for all the isolates were as follows: terbinafine (0.091 and 1 μg/ml), griseofulvin (1.01 and 4 μg/ml), caspofungin (0.06 and 4 μg/ml), fluconazole (16.52 and 32 μg/ml), itraconazole (0.861 and 8 μg/ml), isavuconazole (0.074 and 2 μg/ml), and luliconazole (0.018 and 0.25 μg/ml). Conclusion: Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton interdigitale, and Trichophyton rubrum were the most common fungal species isolated from the patients. luliconazole, terbinafine, and isavuconazole in vitro were revealed to be the most effective antifungal agents against all dermatophyte isolates. © 2023, The Author(s).
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