Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Science Communicator Platform

Stay connected! Follow us on X network (Twitter):
Share this content! On (X network) By
Human Viral Pathogens in the Wastewater-Source Water-Drinking Water Continuum: Evidence, Health Risks, and Lessons for Future Outbreaks in Low-Income Settings Publisher Pubmed



Gwenzi W1, 14, 15 ; Adelodun B2, 3, 4 ; Kumar P5, 13 ; Ajibade FO6 ; Silva LFO7 ; Choi KS2, 4 ; Selvarajan R8 ; Abia ALK9, 10 ; Gholipour S11 ; Mohammadi F11 ; Nikaeen M11, 12
Authors
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Biosystems and Environmental Engineering Research Group, 380 New Adylin, Harare, Westgate, Zimbabwe
  2. 2. Department of Agricultural Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
  3. 3. Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, 240003, Nigeria
  4. 4. Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
  5. 5. Agro-Ecology and Pollution Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar, 249404, India
  6. 6. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, 340001, Nigeria
  7. 7. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58 #55-66, Atlantico, Barranquilla, 080002, Colombia
  8. 8. Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida branch, Johannesburg, South Africa
  9. 9. Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
  10. 10. Environmental Research Foundation, Kwazulu-Natal, Westville, 3630, South Africa
  11. 11. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  12. 12. Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  13. 13. Research and Development Division, Society for AgroEnvironmental Sustainability, Dehradun, 248007, India
  14. 14. Currently Alexander von Humboldt Fellow and Guest/Visiting Professor at: Grassland Science and Renewable Plant Resources, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, Universitat Kassel, Steinstraße 19, Witzenhausen, D-37213, Germany
  15. 15. Leibniz-Institut fur Agrartechnik und Biookonomie e.V. (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, Potsdam, D-14469, Germany

Source: Science of the Total Environment Published:2024


Abstract

Human viral pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2 continue to attract public and research attention due to their disruption of society, global health, and the economy. Several earlier reviews have investigated the occurrence and fate of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, and the potential to use such data in wastewater-based epidemiology. However, comprehensive reviews tracking SARS-CoV-2 and other viral pathogens in the wastewater-water-drinking water continuum and the associated risk assessment are still lacking. Therefore, to address this gap, the present paper makes the following contributions: (1) critically examines the early empirical results to highlight the occurrence and stability of SARS-CoV-2 in the wastewater-source water-drinking water continuum, (2) discusses the anthropogenic and hydro(geo)logical processes controlling the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in the wastewater-source water-drinking water continuum, (3) discusses the risky behaviour, drivers and high-risk settings in the wastewater-source water-drinking water continuum, (4) uses the available empirical data on SARS-CoV-2 occurrence in the wastewater-source water-drinking water continuum to discuss human health risks from multiple exposure pathways, gendered aspects of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via shared on-site sanitation systems, and (5) develops and risk mitigation strategy based on the available empirical evidence and quantitative human risk assessment data. Finally, it presents a comprehensive research agenda on SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 to guide the mitigation of future similar outbreaks in low-income settings. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
Related Docs
View other Related Docs
1. Covid-19 Infection Risk From Exposure to Aerosols of Wastewater Treatment Plants, Chemosphere (2021)
2. Quantification of Human Adenovirus in Irrigation Water-Soil-Crop Continuum: Are Consumers of Wastewater-Irrigated Vegetables at Risk?, Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2022)
3. Application of Membrane Bioreactor Integrated With Ultraviolet Disinfection for Simultaneous Greywater Treatment and Sars-Cov-2 Removal, International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (2023)
4. Occurrence of Viruses in Sewage Sludge: A Systematic Review, Science of the Total Environment (2022)
5. Presence of Coronavirus, Enterovirus and Adenovirus in Municipal Wastewater As Indicators of the Prevalence of Associated Viral Infections in the Community, Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (2021)
6. Environmental Aspects of the Coronaviruses Transmission: A Narrative Review, Journal of Isfahan Medical School (2020)
7. Risk Assessment of Airborne Coronavirus-2 in Wastewater Treatment Plant: Comparing Two Different Wastewater Aeration Systems, International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (2024)
8. Challenges Related to Compost Spreading in Urban Green Space: Microbial Risk Assessment of Accidental Ingestion by Children; [تصادفی در کودکانچالشهای مرتبط با پخش کمپوست در فضای سبز شهری: ارزیابی خطر میکروبی ناشی از بلع], Iranian Journal of Health and Environment (2023)
Experts (# of related papers)
View all Related Experts
Mahnaz Nikaeen (20)
Farzaneh Mohammadi (7)
Other Related Docs
9. Occurrence of Enteric and Non-Enteric Microorganisms in Coastal Waters Impacted by Anthropogenic Activities: A Multi-Route Qmra for Swimmers, Marine Pollution Bulletin (2023)
10. Microbial Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste Compost: Occupational and Public Health Risks From Surface Applied Compost, Waste Management (2022)
11. Microbial Indicators in Municipal Solid Waste Compost and Their Fate After Land Application of Compost, Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering (2023)
12. Cryptosporidium's Burden of Disease Attributable to Consumption of Wastewater-Irrigated Raw Vegetables, Microbial Risk Analysis (2022)
13. Campylobacter Risk for the Consumers of Wastewater-Irrigated Vegetables Based on Field Experiments, Chemosphere (2020)
14. Combating Antibiotic Resistance Using Wastewater Surveillance: Significance, Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions, Science of the Total Environment (2024)
15. The Bacterial Biofilm Resistome in Drinking Water Distribution Systems: A Systematic Review, Chemosphere (2023)
16. The Concentration of Potentially Toxic Elements in Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio) in Fish: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis and Dietary Health Risk Assessment, Biological Trace Element Research (2024)
17. Emerging Coronaviruses: First Sars, Second Mers and Third Sars-Cov-2. Epidemiological Updates of Covid-19, Infezioni in Medicina (2020)
18. Occurrence of Chlorine-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Hospital Water Systems: Threat of Waterborne Infections for Patients, Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control (2024)
19. Estimation of Health Risks Caused by Exposure to Enteroviruses From Agricultural Application of Wastewater Effluents, Water Research (2017)
20. Ultraviolet Irradiation: An Effective Inactivation Method of Aspergillus Spp. in Water for the Control of Waterborne Nosocomial Aspergillosis, Water Research (2012)
21. Survey of Listeria Monocytogenes Contamination of Various Environmental Samples and Associated Health Risks, Food Control (2020)
22. Evaluation of the Microbiological Quality of Wastewater Effluent-Irrigated Maize, Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (2020)
23. Effects of Irrigation With Secondary Treated Wastewater on Physicochemical and Microbial Properties of Soil and Produce Safety in a Semi-Arid Area, Water Research (2018)
24. The Concentration of Potentially Toxic Elements (Ptes) in Honey: Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis and Risk Assessment, International Journal of Environmental Health Research (2025)
25. Assessment of Drinking Water Quality From Bottled Water Coolers, Iranian Journal of Public Health (2014)
26. Gastrointestinal and Renal Complications in Sars-Cov-2-Infected Patients: Role of Immune System, Scandinavian Journal of Immunology (2021)
27. Liver and Kidney Injuries in Covid-19 and Their Effects on Drug Therapy; a Letter to Editor, Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine (2020)