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The Exercise Training Modulatory Effects on the Obesity-Induced Immunometabolic Dysfunctions Publisher



Soltani N1 ; Marandi SM1 ; Kazemi M2 ; Esmaeil N3
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity Published:2020


Abstract

Reduced physical activity rate in people’s lifestyle is a global concern associated with the prevalence of health disorders such as obesity and metabolic disturbance. Ample evidence has indicated a critical role of the immune system in the aggravation of obesity. The type, duration, and production of adipose tissue-released mediators may change subsequent inactive lifestyle-induced obesity, leading to the chronic systematic inflammation and monocyte/macrophage (MON/MФ) phenotype polarization. Preliminary adipose tissue expansion can be inhibited by changing the lifestyle. In this context, exercise training is widely recommended due to a definite improvement of energy balance and the potential impacts on the inflammatory signaling cascades. How exercise training affects the immune system has not yet been fully elucidated, because its anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, or even immunosuppressive impacts have been indicated in the literature. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms triggered by exercise can suggest a new approach to combat meta-inflammation-induced metabolic diseases. In this review, we summarized the obesity-induced inflammatory pathways, the roles of MON/MФ polarization in adipose tissue and systemic inflammation, and the underlying inflammatory mechanisms triggered by exercise during obesity. © 2020 Soltani et al.
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