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Effects of Daily Milk Supplementation on Improving the Physical and Mental Function As Well As School Performance Among Children: Results From a School Feeding Program



Rahmani K1 ; Djazayery A2 ; Habibi MI3 ; Heidari H3 ; Motlagh ARD3 ; Pourshahriari M4 ; Azadbakht L5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Technology Sciences, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Psychology, School of Psycology Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Food Security Research Center and Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Published:2011

Abstract

Background: School feeding programs are important interventions for improving the nutritional status of students. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of milk supplementation on physical, mental and school performance of students. Methods: This case-control population-based intervention was conducted on 469 students from 4 schools in a medium socio-economic status region in Tehran. The schools were chosen by Iranian ministry of education and training and they were allocated in case and control groups randomly. All the students in the first to third classes in the intervention schools were daily consumed sterilized and homogenized milk for three months (250 ml each). Anthropometric measurements were done according to the standard methods. For evaluating the mental function, the Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children (verbal, non-verbal, total Intelligent Quotient) were conducted on students. School performance was assessed by grade-point averages of each student. Results: The weight of children was significantly different between control and intervention group at the end of the study among girls (23.0 ± 3.8 vs. 23.8 ± 4.3 kg; p < 0.05). Psychological tests' scores were significantly different between the control and the intervention groups (p < 0.05) at the end of the trial among boys. The grade-point average was significantly different at the end of the trial between the intervention and the control group among girls (p < 0.05). Conclusions: School feeding programs focus on milk supplementation had beneficial effects on the physical function and school performances specifically among girls in Iran.
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