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Mucormycosis: The International Id-Iri Study Publisher Pubmed



Sahin M1 ; Yilmaz M1 ; Mert A1 ; Naghili B2 ; Ravanbakhsh F2 ; Varshochi M2 ; Darazam IA3, 4 ; Ebrahimi MJ4 ; Moafi M4 ; Tehrani HA5 ; Mahboob A6 ; Rashid N7 ; Khan EA7 ; Hakamifard A4, 8 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Sahin M1
  2. Yilmaz M1
  3. Mert A1
  4. Naghili B2
  5. Ravanbakhsh F2
  6. Varshochi M2
  7. Darazam IA3, 4
  8. Ebrahimi MJ4
  9. Moafi M4
  10. Tehrani HA5
  11. Mahboob A6
  12. Rashid N7
  13. Khan EA7
  14. Hakamifard A4, 8
  15. Eserkarlidag G9
  16. Babamahmoodi A4
  17. Elkholy A10
  18. Mosawi SH11
  19. Albayrak A12
  20. Al Ramahi JW13
  21. Addepalli SK14
  22. Balin SO15
  23. Khan A16
  24. Pandya N17
  25. Gurbuz E18
  26. Sincan G19
  27. Azami H11
  28. Dumlu R20
  29. Khedr R21, 22
  30. Ripon RK23
  31. Alkan S24
  32. Kose S25
  33. Ceylan B1
  34. Erdem H26
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
  2. 2. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Medicine, Gajju Khan Medical College, Swabi, Pakistan
  7. 7. Department of Infectious Diseases, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
  8. 8. Department of Infectious Diseases, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, Turkey
  10. 10. Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
  11. 11. Department of Molecular Research, Medical Sciences Research Center, Ghalib University, Kabul, Afghanistan
  12. 12. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
  13. 13. Department of Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
  14. 14. Department of Pharmacology, GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Andhra Pradesh, Visakhapatnam, India
  15. 15. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
  16. 16. Department of Cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
  17. 17. Consultant Microbiologist, Infection Preventionist Bhailal Amin General Hospital, Vadodara, India
  18. 18. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
  19. 19. Department of Internal Medicine, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
  20. 20. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medipol Mega Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
  21. 21. Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  22. 22. Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
  23. 23. Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh
  24. 24. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
  25. 25. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
  26. 26. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

Source: Medical Mycology Published:2024


Abstract

The emergence of COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), triggered a global pandemic. Concurrently, reports of mucormycosis cases surged, particularly during the second wave in India. This study aims to investigate mortality factors in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) cases, exploring clinical, demographic, and therapeutic variables across mostly Asian and partly African countries. A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of CAM patients from 22 medical centers across eight countries was conducted, focusing on the first 3 months post-COVID-19 diagnosis. Data collected through the ID-IRI included demographics, comorbidities, treatments, and outcomes. A total of 162 CAM patients were included. The mean age was 54.29 ± 13.04 years, with 54% male. Diabetes mellitus (85%) was prevalent, and 91% had rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis. Surgical debridement was performed in 84% of the cases. Mortality was 39%, with advanced age (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.06, [P < .001]), rituximab use (HR = 21.2, P = .05), and diabetic ketoacidosis (HR = 3.58, P = .009) identified as risk factors. The mortality risk increases by approximately 5.6% for each additional year of age. Surgical debridement based on organ involvement correlated with higher survival (HR = 8.81, P < .001). The utilization of rituximab and diabetic ketoacidosis, along with advancing age, has been associated with an increased risk of mortality in CAM patients. A combination of antifungal treatment and surgical intervention has demonstrated a substantial improvement in survival outcomes. © The Author(s) 2024.
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