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Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Risk of Developing Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study Publisher Pubmed



Soltani S1 ; Aminianfar A1, 2 ; Hajianfar H3, 4 ; Azadbakht L1, 5, 6 ; Shahshahan Z7 ; Esmaillzadeh A1, 5, 8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  3. 3. Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  8. 8. Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Nutrition Journal Published:2021


Abstract

Background: Limited and inconsistent data are available regarding the relationship between the dietary inflammatory potential (DIP) and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Objective: The present prospective study aimed to evaluate the association between DIP score during the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of developing GDM among Iranian women. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 812 pregnant women aged 20–40 years, who were in their first trimester, were recruited and followed up until week 24–28 of gestation. Dietary intakes of study subjects were examined using an interviewer-administered validated 117-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). DIP score was calculated from 29 available food parameters based on earlier literature. The results of a fasting plasma glucose concentration and a 50-g, 1-h oral glucose tolerance test, between the 24th and 28th week of gestation, were used to diagnose GDM. The risk of developing GDM across quartiles of DIP score was estimated using Cox regression in several models. Results: At study baseline, mean (SD) age and BMI of study participants were 29.4 (±4.84) y and 25.14 (±4.08) kg/m2, respectively. No significant association was found between DIP score and risk of GDM in the crude model (RR: 1.01; 95% CIs: 0.71–1.45). When we adjusted for age the association did not alter (RR: 1.04; 95% CIs: 0.72–1.48). Even after further adjustment for maternal weight gain we failed to find a significant association between DIP score and risk of GDM (RR: 0.97; 95% CIs: 0.66–1.41). Conclusion: We found no significant association between DIP and risk of developing GDM. Further longitudinal studies among other populations are needed to elucidate the association between DIP score and GDM. © 2021, The Author(s).
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