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The Association Between Dietary Carbohydrate Intake and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Large Prospective Study



Ghorbani Z1, 3 ; Hekmatdoost A2 ; Poustchi H1 ; Pourshams A1 ; Malekshah AF1 ; Sharafkhah M1 ; Malekzadeh R1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, N. Kargar St., Tehran, 14117, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Govaresh Published:2016

Abstract

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is ranked as the 7th leading cause of cancer death worldwide and is one of the most deadly cancers. Several lines of evidence indicate that insulin resistance, diabetes, and obesity are implicated in its carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods: We examined the association between the consumption of carbohydrate foods and risk of PC in 50,045 participants (21241 men and 28804 women aged 40 to 75 years) of the Golestan Cohort Study in northeastern Iran. Dietary data were collected using a validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariate hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval. Results: During 8.5 years (383,630 person-years) of follow-up and after excluding participants with incomplete data, a total of 48,676 adults (20,683 men and 27,993 women) were studied. Until October 30, 2014, 54 cases of pancreatic cancer were confirmed by a medical team, based on the medical records and the exact cause of death according to ICD10 criteria. After adjusting for age, total energy intake, history of diabetes, smoking status, education, opium consumption, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, ethnicity, sex, the metabolic equivalent of task (MET), residential area, and socioeconomic status, we did not observe any statistically significant relationship between consumption of total carbohydrate and carbohydrate foods including whole grains, refined grains, sugars, and potatoes and risk of PC. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, dietary intake of total carbohydrate as well as various carbohydrate food sources had no significant association with the risk of PC. Finally, given the limited number of studies in this field and their inconclusive results, there is still a need for new prospective studies with long follow-up.
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