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Neurophysiologic Implications of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Publisher Pubmed



Kourosharami M1 ; Hosseini N2 ; Mohsenzadegan M3 ; Komaki A4 ; Joghataei MT1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Laboratory Sciences, Allied Medical College, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Physiology, Medical College, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran

Source: Reviews in the Neurosciences Published:2020


Abstract

The molecular and chemical properties of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) have made it a key mediator in many physiological functions and signaling transduction. The NOS monomer is inactive, but the dimer form is active. There are three forms of NOS, which are neuronal (nNOS), inducible (iNOS), and endothelial (eNOS) nitric oxide synthase. nNOS regulates nitric oxide (NO) synthesis which is the mechanism used mostly by neurons to produce NO. nNOS expression and activation is regulated by some important signaling proteins, such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB), calmodulin (CaM), heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)/HSP70. nNOS-derived NO has been implicated in modulating many physiological functions, such as synaptic plasticity, learning, memory, neurogenesis, etc. In this review, we have summarized recent studies that have characterized structural features, subcellular localization, and factors that regulate nNOS function. Finally, we have discussed the role of nNOS in the developing brain under a wide range of physiological conditions, especially long-term potentiation and depression. © 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston 2020.
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