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Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Stem Cells Resistance to Radiotherapy Publisher Pubmed



Taeb S1, 2 ; Ashrafizadeh M3, 4 ; Zarrabi A4, 5 ; Rezapoor S6 ; Musa AE7 ; Farhood B8 ; Najafi M9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  2. 2. Medi-cal Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  3. 3. Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Universite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanli, Istanbul, Tuzla, 34956, Turkey
  4. 4. Sabanci University, Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Tuzla, 34956, Turkey
  5. 5. Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Tuzia, 34956, Turkey
  6. 6. Department of Radiolo-gy, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Medical Physics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Medical Physics and Ra-diology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  9. 9. Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

Source: Current Cancer Drug Targets Published:2022


Abstract

Cancer is a chronic disorder that involves several elements of both the tumor and the host stromal cells. At present, the complex relationship between the various factors presents in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor cells, as well as immune cells located within the TME, is still poorly known. Within the TME, the crosstalk of these factors and immune cells essentially determines how a tumor reacts to the treatment and how the tumor can ultimately be destroyed, re-main dormant, or develop and metastasize. Also, in TME, reciprocal crosstalk between cancer-asso-ciated fibroblasts (CAFs), extracellular matrix (ECM), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) intensifies the proliferation capacity of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are a subpopulation of cells that reside within the tumor bulk and have the capacity to self-renew, differentiate, and repair DNA damage. These characteristics make CSCs develop resistance to a variety of treatments, such as radiotherapy (RT). RT is a frequent and often curative treatment for local cancer which mediates tumor elimi-nation by cytotoxic actions. Also, cytokines and growth factors that are released into TME have been involved in the activation of tumor radioresistance and the induction of different immune cells, altering local immune responses. In this review, we discuss the pivotal role of TME in the resistance of CSCs to RT. © 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.
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