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Early Detection of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection by Using a Interferon Gamma Release Assay: A Review Publisher Pubmed



Mahmoudi S1, 2 ; Mamishi S1, 3 ; Suo X4, 5, 6 ; Keshavarz H2, 7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
  5. 5. National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
  6. 6. Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
  7. 7. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Heath, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

Source: Experimental Parasitology Published:2017


Abstract

Antibody-based serological tests are currently the most common diagnostic methods for detection of Toxoplasma gondii; however, these tests bear several limitations. Recently, Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), a T-cell-based test, was introduced as an in vitro test for detection of T. gondii infection. Few studies have investigated the potential role of cell immunity in diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. IGRA accurately distinguished infected from uninfected individuals, showing strong lymphocyte activation after in vitro stimulation with T. gondii antigens, even during the first days of life. IGRA is an easy-operation and low-cost method to measure cell mediated immunity against T. gondii. The results of this review underline the importance of evaluating cellular immunity to establish an early diagnosis particularly for congenital toxoplasmosis. Therefore, ELISA-based IGRA holds the potential to become a useful diagnostic tool for early detection of T. gondii infection. © 2016 Elsevier Inc.
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