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Rectus Sheath Hematoma in Covid-19 Patients As a Mortal Complication: A Retrospective Report Publisher Pubmed



Mahmoudabadi HZ1 ; Hadadi A2, 3 ; Fattahi MR1, 3 ; Kafan S4 ; Ashouri M5 ; Allahbeigi R1 ; Hajebi R1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Surgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Infectious Diseases, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Virology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Pulmonary Disease, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: International journal of clinical practice Published:2022


Abstract

Background: Rectus sheath hematoma is a rare self-limited presentation that has become a concern in hospitalized COVID-19 patients receiving anticoagulant therapies. Method: A retrospective multicentric study was conducted in referral hospitals affiliated with the Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran, between June and August 2021. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 that were complicated with rectus sheath hematoma during hospitalization were included. Median (lower quartile to upper quartile) was used to report the distribution of the results. Result: This study was conducted on nine patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia, including eight females and one male. The severity of viral pneumonia was above average in eight patients. The median age and median body mass index were 65 (55.5 to 78) years and 29.38 (23.97 to 31.71) kg/m2. The duration of anticoagulant therapy was 10 (6 to 14) days, and the median length of hospital stay was 20 (10 to 23.5) days. Rectus sheath hematoma occurred after a median reduction of 4 (2.7 to 6.6) units in blood hemoglobin. Although 66.7% received ICU care and all of them were under full observation in well-equipped hospitals, the mortality rate was 55.6%. Conclusion: In summary, increased levels of inflammatory markers such as lactic acid dehydrogenase along with an abrupt decrease in blood hemoglobin in COVID-19 patients should be considered as predisposing factors for rectus sheath hematoma, especially in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia under anticoagulant therapy. This complication had been considered a self-limited condition; however, it seems to be fatal in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Further studies in larger sample sizes should be conducted to find out suitable management for this complication. Copyright © 2022 Hossein Zabihi Mahmoudabadi et al.