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Nut Consumption and the Risk of Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Golestan Cohort Study Publisher Pubmed



Hashemian M1, 2, 3 ; Murphy G2 ; Etemadi A1, 2 ; Poustchi H4 ; Sharafkhah M1 ; Kamangar F1, 5 ; Pourshams A4, 6 ; Malekshah AF1 ; Khoshnia M6, 7 ; Gharavi A6, 7 ; Hekmatdoost A8 ; Brennan PJ9 ; Boffetta P10 ; Dawsey SM2 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Hashemian M1, 2, 3
  2. Murphy G2
  3. Etemadi A1, 2
  4. Poustchi H4
  5. Sharafkhah M1
  6. Kamangar F1, 5
  7. Pourshams A4, 6
  8. Malekshah AF1
  9. Khoshnia M6, 7
  10. Gharavi A6, 7
  11. Hekmatdoost A8
  12. Brennan PJ9
  13. Boffetta P10
  14. Dawsey SM2
  15. Abnet CC2
  16. Malekzadeh R1, 6

Source: British Journal of Cancer Published:2018


Abstract

Background: Nut consumption has been inversely associated with gastric cancer incidence in US-based studies, but not with oesophageal cancer. However, there is aetiologic heterogeneity, among oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cases in low-risk vs. high-risk populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between nut consumption and risk of ESCC in a high-risk population. Methods: The Golestan Cohort Study enroled 50,045 participants in Northeastern Iran, between 2004 and 2008. Intake of peanuts, walnuts and mixed nuts (including seeds) were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals for subsequent ESCC adjusted for potential confounders. Non-consumers of nuts were used as the reference category and the consumers were categorised into tertiles. Results: We accrued 280 incident ESCC cases during 337,983 person-years of follow up. Individuals in the highest tertiles of total nut consumption, and mixed nut consumption were significantly associated with lower risk of developing ESCC compared to non-consumers (HR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.39-0.93, p-trend = 0.02, and HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.32-0.84, p trend = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions: We found a statistically significant inverse association between total nut consumption and the risk of ESCC in this high-risk population. © 2018 Cancer Research UK.
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