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A Comprehensive Review of the Pten/Pi3k/Akt Axis in Multiple Myeloma: From Molecular Interactions to Potential Therapeutic Targets Publisher Pubmed



Alimohammadi M1 ; Rahimzadeh P2 ; Khorrami R3 ; Bonyadi M3 ; Daneshi S4 ; Nabavi N5 ; Raesi R6, 7 ; Farani MR8 ; Dehkhoda F9 ; Taheriazam A10, 11 ; Hashemi M10, 12
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Surgical Research Society (SRS), Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
  5. 5. Independent Researcher, Victoria, V8V 1P7, BC, Canada
  6. 6. Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Nursing, Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat Jam, Iran
  8. 8. NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
  9. 9. Department of Orthopedics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  12. 12. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Source: Pathology Research and Practice Published:2024


Abstract

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathways contribute to the development of several cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM). PTEN is a tumor suppressor that influences the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which in turn impacts vital cellular processes like growth, survival, and treatment resistance. The current study aims to present the role of PTEN and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in the development of MM and its response to treatment. In addition, the molecular interactions in MM that underpin the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and address potential implications for the development of successful treatment plans are also discussed in detail. We investigate their relationship to both upstream and downstream regulators, highlighting new developments in combined therapies that target the PTEN/PI3K/Akt axis to overcome drug resistance, including the use of PI3K and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors. We also emphasize that PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway elements may be used in MM diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic targets. © 2024 Elsevier GmbH
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