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Pdgf and Vegf-Releasing Bi-Layer Wound Dressing Made of Sodium Tripolyphosphate Crosslinked Gelatin-Sponge Layer and a Carrageenan Nanofiber Layer Publisher Pubmed



Alizadeh M1 ; Salehi S2 ; Tavakoli M3 ; Mirhaj M3 ; Varshosaz J4 ; Kazemi N2 ; Salehi S2 ; Mehrjoo M6, 7 ; Abadi SAM8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran
  2. 2. Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Najafabad, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medicine, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
  6. 6. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Iran National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2023


Abstract

The use of dressings is one of the most common methods for wound treatment. Since most single-layer dressings cannot mimic the hierarchical structure of the skin well, multi-layer dressings have been considered. In this study, a bilayer dressing was fabricated using a gelatin sponge layer cross-linked with sodium tripolyphosphate (Gel-STPP) and a layer of carrageenan nanofibers containing platelet-rich fibrin (Carr-PRF). Chemical interactions between the two layers were characterized by FTIR, and the microstructure was visualized by SEM. It was found that the presence of Carr-PRF nanofiber layer increased tensile strength by 12.96 % (from 0.216 ± 0.015 to 0.268 ± 0.036 MPa) and elastic modulus by 56.70 % (from 0.388 ± 0.072 to 0.608 ± 0.029 MPa) compared to Gel-STPP sponge. Gel-STPP/Carr-PRF wound dressing had a 45.76 ± 4.18 % degradability after 7 days of immersion in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). PRF-containing bilayer wound dressing was able to sustainably release growth factors over 7 days. The Carr-PRF nanofiber layer coated on Gel-STPP sponge was an ideal environment for adhesion and proliferation of L929 cells. Gel-STPP/Carr-PRF bilayer dressing outperformed the other tested samples in terms of angiogenic potential. Average wound closure was 94.21 ± 2.06 % in Gel-STPP/Carr-PRF dressing treated rats after 14 days, and based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations, the Gel-STPP/Carr-PRF dressing group augmented full-thickness wound healing, keratin layer and skin appendages formation after 14 days. © 2023
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