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3D Micro-Nano Structured Hybrid Scaffolds: An Investigation Into the Role of Nanofiber Coating on Viability, Proliferation and Differentiation of Seeded Mesenchymal Stem Cells Publisher



Pilehrood MK1 ; Atashi A2 ; Sadeghialiabadi H3 ; Nousiainen P1 ; Harlin A4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Materials Science, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 589, Tampere, 33101, Finland
  2. 2. Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 81745-359, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Finland

Source: Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Published:2016


Abstract

The introduction of a three dimensional scaffold providing the closest analogies to extracellular matrix (ECM) is currently a key strategy for tackling many challenges in tissue repair. Here, we present a new hybrid scaffold constructed by coating electrospun chitosan/polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofibers on commercial BioTek polystyrene (PS) scaffold obtained from Sigma Aldrich. The viability and proliferation rate of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded on micro-nano structured hybrid scaffold (MNHS) and commercial PS scaffolds were analyzed by MTT assay. The results of the MTT assay revealed a higher degree of viability and proliferation rate in MSCs seeded on MNHS compared with the commercial PS scaffold. DAPI images also confirmed the higher degree of attachment and viability of MSCs seeded on MNHS. Moreover, MSCs on both scaffolds differentiated to osteoblasts and adipocytes cells, as reflected by the images obtained from Alizarin Red and Oil Red-O staining. Alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and calcium content assays revealed that the MNHS has a higher potential for osteogenic differentiation than the commercial scaffold. To quantify the osteoblast and adipocyte gene expression, quantitative RT-PCR was carried out for MNHS, commercial scaffold and Tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). It was found that MNHS can express a higher level of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteonectin and osteocalcin in osteogenic differentiation as well as increased expression of PPARγ and UCP-1 in adipogenic differentiation. The enhancement of the attachment, viability and proliferation as well as bi-lineage differentiation may result from the biochemical and structural analogies of MNHS to native ECM. Furthermore, it was observed that biocompatible MNHS scaffold can potentially be utilized as a suitable scaffold for bone and connective tissue engineering. Copyright © 2016 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America.
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