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The Benefits of Analysing Complete Mitochondrial Genomes: Deep Insights Into the Phylogeny and Population Structure of Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato Genotypes G6 and G7 Publisher Pubmed



Laurimae T1 ; Kinkar L1 ; Romig T2 ; Omer RA3 ; Casulli A4, 5 ; Umhang G6 ; Gasser RB7 ; Jabbar A7 ; Sharbatkhori M8 ; Mirhendi H9 ; Poncegordo F10 ; Lazzarini LE11 ; Soriano SV11 ; Varcasia A12 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Laurimae T1
  2. Kinkar L1
  3. Romig T2
  4. Omer RA3
  5. Casulli A4, 5
  6. Umhang G6
  7. Gasser RB7
  8. Jabbar A7
  9. Sharbatkhori M8
  10. Mirhendi H9
  11. Poncegordo F10
  12. Lazzarini LE11
  13. Soriano SV11
  14. Varcasia A12
  15. Rostami Nejad M13
  16. Andresiuk V14
  17. Maravilla P15
  18. Gonzalez LM16
  19. Dybicz M17
  20. Gawor J18
  21. Sarkunas M19
  22. Snabel V20
  23. Kuzmina T21
  24. Saarma U1

Source: Infection, Genetics and Evolution Published:2018


Abstract

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of the species complex Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. Within this complex, genotypes G6 and G7 have been frequently associated with human CE worldwide. Previous studies exploring the genetic variability and phylogeography of genotypes G6 and G7 have been based on relatively short mtDNA sequences, and the resolution of these studies has often been low. Moreover, using short sequences, the distinction between G6 and G7 has in some cases remained challenging. The aim here was to sequence complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) to obtain deeper insight into the genetic diversity, phylogeny and population structure of genotypes G6 and G7. We sequenced complete mitogenomes of 94 samples collected from 15 different countries worldwide. The results demonstrated that (i) genotypes G6 and G7 can be clearly distinguished when mitogenome sequences are used; (ii) G7 is represented by two major haplogroups, G7a and G7b, the latter being specific to islands of Corsica and Sardinia; (iii) intensive animal trade, but also geographical isolation, have likely had the largest impact on shaping the genetic structure and distribution of genotypes G6 and G7. In addition, we found phylogenetically highly divergent haplotype from Mongolia (Gmon), which had a higher affinity to G6. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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