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The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases Publisher Pubmed



Gorabi AM1 ; Kiaie N1 ; Barreto GE2, 3 ; Read MI4 ; Tafti HA1 ; Sahebkar A5, 6, 7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Departamento de Nutricion y Bioquimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota D.C., Colombia
  3. 3. Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
  4. 4. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
  5. 5. Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
  6. 6. Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Molecular Neurobiology Published:2019


Abstract

Neurologic complications are commonly regarded as irreversible impairments that stem from limited potential of regeneration of the central nervous system (CNS). On the other side, the regenerative potential of stem cells has been evaluated in basic research, as well as in preclinical studies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been regarded as candidate cell sources for therapeutic purposes of various neurological disorders, because of their self-renewal ability, plasticity in differentiation, neurotrophic characteristics, and immunomodulatory properties. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles which can deliver biological information over long distances and thereby influencing normal and abnormal processes in cells and tissues. The therapeutic capacity of exosomes relies on the type of cell, as well as on the physiological condition of a given cell. Therefore, based on tissue type and physiological condition of CNS, exosomes may function as contributors or suppressors of pathological conditions in this tissue. When it comes to the therapeutic viewpoint, the most promising cellular source of exosomes is considered to be MSCs. The aim of this review article is to discuss the current knowledge around the potential of stem cells and MSC-derived exosomes in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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