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Non-Coding Rnas and Exosomal Non-Coding Rnas in Traumatic Brain Injury: The Small Player With Big Actions Publisher Pubmed



Mohamadzadeh O1 ; Hajinouri M2 ; Moammer F3 ; Tamehri Zadeh SS4 ; Omid Shafiei G5 ; Jafari A7, 8 ; Ostadian A9 ; Talaei Zavareh SA6 ; Hamblin MR10 ; Yazdi AJ11 ; Sheida A12, 13 ; Mirzaei H14
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Neurological Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  4. 4. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  6. 6. Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  7. 7. Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  10. 10. Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
  11. 11. Neurology Department, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran
  12. 12. School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  13. 13. Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  14. 14. Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

Source: Molecular Neurobiology Published:2023


Abstract

Nowadays, there is an increasing concern regarding traumatic brain injury (TBI) worldwide since substantial morbidity is observed after it, and the long-term consequences that are not yet fully recognized. A number of cellular pathways related to the secondary injury in brain have been identified, including free radical production (owing to mitochondrial dysfunction), excitotoxicity (regulated by excitatory neurotransmitters), apoptosis, and neuroinflammatory responses (as a result of activation of the immune system and central nervous system). In this context, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) maintain a fundamental contribution to post-transcriptional regulation. It has been shown that mammalian brains express high levels of ncRNAs that are involved in several brain physiological processes. Furthermore, altered levels of ncRNA expression have been found in those with traumatic as well non-traumatic brain injuries. The current review highlights the primary molecular mechanisms participated in TBI that describes the latest and novel results about changes and role of ncRNAs in TBI in both clinical and experimental research. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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