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On the Mechanisms of Melatonin in Protection of Aluminum Phosphide Cardiotoxicity Publisher Pubmed



Asghari MH1, 2 ; Moloudizargari M3 ; Baeeri M4 ; Baghaei A5 ; Rahimifard M4 ; Solgi R6 ; Jafari A7 ; Aminjan HH1 ; Hassani S4 ; Moghadamnia AA2 ; Ostad SN1 ; Abdollahi M1, 4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  3. 3. Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  6. 6. Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization of Iran, Hamedan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Source: Archives of Toxicology Published:2017


Abstract

Aluminum phosphide (AlP), one of the most commonly used pesticides worldwide, has been the leading cause of self-poisoning mortalities among many Asian countries. The heart is the main organ affected in AlP poisoning. Melatonin has been previously shown to be beneficial in reversing toxic changes in the heart. The present study reveals evidence on the probable protective effects of melatonin on AlP-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. The study groups included a control (almond oil only), ethanol 5% (solvent), sole melatonin (50 mg/kg), AlP (16.7 mg/kg), and 4 AlP + melatonin groups which received 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg of melatonin by intraperitoneal injections following AlP treatment. An electronic cardiovascular monitoring device was used to record the electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters. Heart tissues were studied in terms of oxidative stress biomarkers, mitochondrial complexes activities, ADP/ATP ratio and apoptosis. Abnormal ECG records as well as declined heart rate and blood pressure were found to be related to AlP administration. Based on the results, melatonin was highly effective in controlling AlP-induced changes in the study groups. Significant improvements were observed in the activities of mitochondrial complexes, oxidative stress biomarkers, the activities of caspases 3 and 9, and ADP/ATP ratio following treatment with melatonin at doses of 40 and 50 mg/kg. Our results indicate that melatonin can counteract the AlP-induced oxidative damage in the heart. This is mainly done by maintaining the normal balance of intracellular ATP as well as the prevention of oxidative damage. Further research is warranted to evaluate the possibility of using melatonin as an antidote in AlP poisoning. © 2017, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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