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Advances in Nanotechnology for Improving the Targeted Delivery and Activity of Amphotericin B (2011–2023): A Systematic Review Publisher



Zadeh Mehrizi T1 ; Mossafa N2 ; Vodjgani M3 ; Ebrahimi Shahmabadi H4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Vaccine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

Source: Nanotoxicology Published:2024


Abstract

Amphotericin B (AmB) is a broad-spectrum therapeutic and effective drug, but it has serious side effects of toxicity and solubility. Therefore, reducing its toxicity should be considered in therapeutic applications. Nanotechnology has paved the way to improve drug delivery systems and reduce toxicity. The present study, for the first time, comprehensively reviews the studies from 2011 to 2023 on reducing the in vitro toxicity of AmB. The findings showed that loading AmB with micellar structures, nanostructured lipid carriers, liposomes, emulsions, poly lactide-co-glycolide acid, chitosan, dendrimers, and other polymeric nanoparticles increases the biocompatibility and efficacy of the drug and significantly reduces toxicity. In addition, modified carbon nanoparticles (including graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon dots) with positively charged amine groups, PEI, and other components showed favorable drug delivery properties. Uncoated and coated magnetic nanoparticles and silver NPs-AmB composites had less cytotoxicity and more antifungal activity than free AmB. Citrate-reduced GNPs and lipoic acid-functionalized GNPs were also effective nanocarriers to reduce AmB cytotoxicity and improve anti-leishmania efficacy. In addition, zinc oxide-NPs and PEGylated zinc oxide-NPs showed favorable antifungal activity and negligible toxicity. According to a review study, carbon-based nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, and especially polymer nanoparticles caused some reduction in the toxicity and improved solubility of AmB in water. Overall, considering the discussed nanocarriers, further research on the application of nanotechnology as a cost-effective candidate to improve the efficiency and reduce the cytotoxicity of AmB is recommended. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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