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The Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 (Tlr4) in Cancer Progression: A Possible Therapeutic Target? Publisher Pubmed



Kashani B1, 2 ; Zandi Z1, 2 ; Pourbagherisigaroodi A3 ; Bashash D3 ; Ghaffari SH1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology Published:2021


Abstract

The toll-like receptor (TLR) family consists of vital receptors responsible for pattern recognition in innate immunity, making them the core proteins involved in pathogen detection and eliciting immune responses. The most studied member of this family, TLR4, has been the center of attention regarding its contributory role in many inflammatory diseases including sepsis shock and asthma. Notably, mounting pieces of evidence have proved that this receptor is aberrantly expressed on the tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment in a wide range of cancer types and it is highly associated with the initiation of tumorigenesis as well as tumor progression and drug resistance. Cancer therapy using TLR4 inhibitors has recently drawn scientists’ attention, and the promising results of such studies may pave the way for more investigation in the foreseeable future. This review will introduce the key proteins of the TLR4 pathway and how they interact with major growth factors in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, we will discuss the many aspects of tumor progression affected by the activation of this receptor and provide an overview of the recent therapeutic approaches using various TLR4 antagonists. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC
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