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Global Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in 2015: A Modelling Study Publisher Pubmed



Blach S1 ; Zeuzem S2 ; Manns M3 ; Altraif I4 ; Duberg AS5, 6 ; Muljono DH7, 8 ; Waked I9 ; Alavian SM10, 11 ; Lee MH12 ; Negro F13 ; Abaalkhail F14 ; Abdou A15 ; Abdulla M16 ; Abou Rached A17 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Blach S1
  2. Zeuzem S2
  3. Manns M3
  4. Altraif I4
  5. Duberg AS5, 6
  6. Muljono DH7, 8
  7. Waked I9
  8. Alavian SM10, 11
  9. Lee MH12
  10. Negro F13
  11. Abaalkhail F14
  12. Abdou A15
  13. Abdulla M16
  14. Abou Rached A17
  15. Aho I18
  16. Akarca U19
  17. Al Ghazzawi I20
  18. Al Kaabi S21
  19. Al Lawati F22
  20. Al Namaani K23
  21. Al Serkal Y24
  22. Albusafi SA25
  23. Aldabal L26
  24. Aleman S27, 28
  25. Alghamdi AS29
  26. Aljumah AA4
  27. Alromaihi HE30
  28. Andersson MI31
  29. Arendt V32, 33
  30. Arkkila P34
  31. Assiri AM35
  32. Baatarkhuu O36
  33. Bane A37
  34. Benari Z38
  35. Bergin C39, 40
  36. Bessone F41
  37. Bihl F42
  38. Bizri AR43
  39. Blachier M44
  40. Blasco AJ45
  41. Brandao Mello CE46
  42. Bruggmann P47
  43. Brunton CR48
  44. Calinas F49
  45. Chan HLY50
  46. Chaudhry A51
  47. Cheinquer H52
  48. Chen CJ53
  49. Chien RN54
  50. Choi MS55
  51. Christensen PB56
  52. Chuang WL57
  53. Chulanov V58
  54. Cisneros L59
  55. Clausen MR60
  56. Cramp ME61
  57. Craxi A62, 63
  58. Croes EA64
  59. Dalgard O65
  60. Daruich JR66, 67
  61. De Ledinghen V68, 69
  62. Dore GJ70
  63. Elsayed MH71
  64. Ergor G72
  65. Esmat G73
  66. Estes C1
  67. Falconer K74
  68. Farag E75
  69. Ferraz MLG76
  70. Ferreira PR77
  71. Flisiak R78
  72. Frankova S79
  73. Gamkrelidze I1
  74. Gane E80
  75. Garciasamaniego J81
  76. Khan AG82
  77. Gountas I1
  78. Goldis A83
  79. Gottfredsson M84
  80. Grebely J70
  81. Gschwantler M85
  82. Guimaraes Pessoa M86
  83. Gunter J1
  84. Hajarizadeh B70
  85. Hajelssedig O21
  86. Hamid S87
  87. Hamoudi W88
  88. Hatzakis A89, 90
  89. Himatt SM75
  90. Hofer H91
  91. Hrstic I92
  92. Hui YT93
  93. Hunyady B94, 95
  94. Idilman R96
  95. Jafri W87
  96. Jahis R97
  97. Janjua NZ98, 99
  98. Jarcuska P100
  99. Jeruma A101, 102
  100. Jonasson JG103, 104
  101. Kamel Y21, 105
  102. Kao JH106
  103. Kaymakoglu S107
  104. Kershenobich D108
  105. Khamis J16
  106. Kim YS109
  107. Kondili L110
  108. Koutoubi Z111
  109. Krajden M98, 112
  110. Krarup H113
  111. Lai MS114
  112. Laleman W115
  113. Lao WC116
  114. Lavanchy D117
  115. Lazaro P45
  116. Leleu H44
  117. Lesi O118
  118. Lesmana LA119, 120
  119. Li M121
  120. Liakina V122, 123
  121. Lim YS124
  122. Luksic B125
  123. Mahomed A126
  124. Maimets M127
  125. Makara M128
  126. Malu AO129
  127. Marinho RT130
  128. Marotta P131
  129. Mauss S132
  130. Memon MS133
  131. Mendes Correa MC134
  132. Mendezsanchez N135
  133. Merat S136
  134. Metwally AM137
  135. Mohamed R138
  136. Moreno C139
  137. Mourad FH140
  138. Mullhaupt B141
  139. Murphy K1
  140. Nde H1
  141. Njouom R142
  142. Nonkovic D143
  143. Norris S39, 40
  144. Obekpa S129, 144
  145. Oguche S145, 146
  146. Olafsson S147
  147. Oltman M148
  148. Omede O149
  149. Omuemu C150
  150. Oparesem O151
  151. Ovrehus ALH56
  152. Owusuofori S152
  153. Oyunsuren TS153
  154. Papatheodoridis G154
  155. Pasini K1
  156. Peltekian KM155
  157. Phillips RO151
  158. Pimenov N58
  159. Poustchi H136
  160. Prabdialsing N156, 157
  161. Qureshi H158
  162. Ramji A159
  163. Razavishearer D1
  164. Razavishearer K1
  165. Redae B160
  166. Reesink HW161
  167. Ridruejo E162
  168. Robbins S1
  169. Roberts LR163
  170. Roberts SK164
  171. Rosenberg WM165
  172. Roudotthoraval F166
  173. Ryder SD167
  174. Safadi R168
  175. Sagalova O169
  176. Salupere R127
  177. Sanai FM170, 171
  178. Sanchez Avila JF172
  179. Saraswat V173
  180. Sarmentocastro R174
  181. Sarrazin C175
  182. Schmelzer JD1
  183. Schreter I176
  184. Seguindevaux C177
  185. Shah SR178
  186. Sharara AI140
  187. Sharma M21
  188. Shevaldin A179, 180
  189. Shiha GE181
  190. Sievert W182
  191. Sonderup M183
  192. Souliotis K184
  193. Speiciene D122
  194. Sperl J79
  195. Starkel P185
  196. Stauber RE186
  197. Stedman C187
  198. Struck D188
  199. Su TH189
  200. Sypsa V89
  201. Tan SS190
  202. Tanaka J191
  203. Thompson AJ192
  204. Tolmane I193, 194
  205. Tomasiewicz K195
  206. Valantinas J122
  207. Van Damme P196
  208. Van Der Meer AJ197
  209. Van Thiel I198, 199
  210. Van Vlierberghe H196
  211. Vince A200
  212. Vogel W201
  213. Wedemeyer H3, 202
  214. Weis N203, 204
  215. Wong VWS205, 206
  216. Yaghi C207
  217. Yosry A73
  218. Yuen MF208
  219. Yunihastuti E209
  220. Yusuf A210
  221. Zuckerman E211
  222. Razavi H1
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Center for Disease Analysis (CDA), Lafayette, 80026, CO, United States
  2. 2. Department of Medicine, JW Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
  3. 3. Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
  4. 4. King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  5. 5. Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden
  6. 6. School of Health and Medical Sciences, Orebro University, Sweden
  7. 7. Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia
  8. 8. University of Sydney, Department of Hepatitis and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  9. 9. National Liver Institute, Menoufiya, Egypt
  10. 10. Baqiatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Middle East Liver Diseases Centre, Tehran, Iran
  12. 12. Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
  13. 13. Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva, Switzerland
  14. 14. Department of Liver and Small Bowel Transplantation, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  15. 15. Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, United Arab Emirates
  16. 16. Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain
  17. 17. National Hepatitis Program, Ministry of Public Health, Lebanon
  18. 18. Department of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
  19. 19. Gastroenterology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
  20. 20. GI and Hepatology Department, Jordan Royal Medical Services, Jordan
  21. 21. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
  22. 22. Royal Hospital, Ministry of Health, Oman
  23. 23. Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Landspitali, Armed Forces Hospital, Muscat, Oman
  24. 24. Hospitals Sector, Ministry of Health, United Arab Emirates
  25. 25. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
  26. 26. Infectious Diseases Unit, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, United Arab Emirates
  27. 27. Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
  28. 28. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology/Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
  29. 29. Gastroenterology Unit, Medical Department, King Fahad Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  30. 30. Public Health Department, Supreme Council of Health, Doha, Qatar
  31. 31. Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa
  32. 32. Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg
  33. 33. Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch sur Alzette, Luxembourg
  34. 34. Department of Gastroenterology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
  35. 35. Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  36. 36. Department of Infectious Diseases, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  37. 37. Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences Medical School, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  38. 38. Liver Disease Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
  39. 39. St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
  40. 40. Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
  41. 41. University of Rosario School of Medicine, Rosario, Argentina
  42. 42. Gastroenterology Department, Ospedale Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
  43. 43. Faculty of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon
  44. 44. Paris, France
  45. 45. Madrid, Spain
  46. 46. Department of Gastroenterology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
  47. 47. Arud Centres for Addiction Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland
  48. 48. Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
  49. 49. Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa, Central Hospital Santo Antonio Capuchos, Lisbon, Portugal
  50. 50. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  51. 51. Gujranwala Liver Foundation, Siddiq Sadiq Hospital, Gujranwala, Pakistan
  52. 52. Hospital das Clinicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  53. 53. Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
  54. 54. Liver Research Unit, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
  55. 55. Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
  56. 56. Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
  57. 57. Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
  58. 58. Reference Center for Viral Hepatitis, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
  59. 59. UMAE 25, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey N.L., Mexico
  60. 60. Department of Hepatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
  61. 61. Plymouth University, Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, United Kingdom
  62. 62. Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities (Di.Bi.M.I.S), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
  63. 63. Gastroenterologia and Epatologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico, Palermo, Italy
  64. 64. Trimbos Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
  65. 65. Department of Infectious Diseases, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
  66. 66. Seccion Hepatologia, Hospital de Clinicas San Martin, GEDyT, Argentina
  67. 67. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  68. 68. Service d'Hepato-Gastroenterologie, Hopital Haut-Leveque, CHU Bordeaux, Pessac, France
  69. 69. INSERM U1053, Universite Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France
  70. 70. Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  71. 71. Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
  72. 72. Public Health and Epidemiology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
  73. 73. Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  74. 74. Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
  75. 75. Public Health Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
  76. 76. Division of Gastroenterology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  77. 77. Division of Infectious Disease, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
  78. 78. Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
  79. 79. Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
  80. 80. Auckland Hospital Clinical Studies Unit, Auckland, New Zealand
  81. 81. Hospital Universitario La Paz, CIBERehd, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
  82. 82. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
  83. 83. Clinic of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine 'Victor Babes', Timisoara, Romania
  84. 84. Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
  85. 85. Wilhelminenspital, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Vienna, Austria
  86. 86. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  87. 87. Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
  88. 88. Jordan Ministry of Health, Jordan
  89. 89. Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
  90. 90. Hellenic Scientific Society for the Study of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Athens, Greece
  91. 91. Medical University of Vienna, Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vienna, Austria
  92. 92. General Hospital Pula, Pula, Croatia
  93. 93. Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  94. 94. Department of Gastroenterology, Somogy County Kaposi Mor Teaching Hospital, Kaposvar, Hungary
  95. 95. First Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
  96. 96. Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara, Turkey
  97. 97. Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
  98. 98. British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
  99. 99. School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  100. 100. 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
  101. 101. Out-Patient Department, Latvian Infectology Centre, Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
  102. 102. Department of Infectology and Dermatology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
  103. 103. Department of Pathology, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
  104. 104. Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
  105. 105. Department of Medicine, Miniya University, Egypt
  106. 106. Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
  107. 107. Gastroenterology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
  108. 108. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Tlalpan, Mexico
  109. 109. Department of Internal Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, South Korea
  110. 110. Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy
  111. 111. Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
  112. 112. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  113. 113. Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
  114. 114. Department of Medicine, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  115. 115. University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  116. 116. Department of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  117. 117. Ruelle des Chataigniers 1, Denges VD, Switzerland
  118. 118. Medicine and Gastroenterologist, University of Lagos, Lagos University Teaching Hospital PMB, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
  119. 119. Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
  120. 120. Digestive Disease and GI Oncology Center, Medistra Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
  121. 121. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  122. 122. Centre of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
  123. 123. Department of Biomechanics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
  124. 124. Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
  125. 125. Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases, Split University Hospital, Split University Medical School, Soltanska 1, Split, Croatia
  126. 126. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
  127. 127. University of Tartu, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
  128. 128. Central Outpatient Clinic, Saint Laszlo Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
  129. 129. Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria
  130. 130. Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
  131. 131. Division of Gastroenterology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
  132. 132. Center for HIV and Hepatogastroenterology, Duesseldorf, Germany
  133. 133. Asian Institute of Medical Science (AIMS), Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan
  134. 134. School of Medicine, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil
  135. 135. Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic and Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
  136. 136. Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  137. 137. Community Medicine Research Department, National Research Center, Egypt
  138. 138. University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  139. 139. CUB Hopital, Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  140. 140. Division of Gastroenterology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon
  141. 141. Swiss HPB (Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary) Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
  142. 142. Virology Department, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaounde, Cameroon
  143. 143. Institute of Public Health County of Dalmatia, Department of Epidemiology, Croatia
  144. 144. Advocacy for the Prevention of Hepatitis in Nigeria, Nigeria
  145. 145. Paediatrics Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
  146. 146. Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
  147. 147. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
  148. 148. Gastroenterology and Hepatology Center, Bratislava, Slovakia
  149. 149. Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria
  150. 150. University of Benin, Nigeria
  151. 151. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
  152. 152. Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
  153. 153. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  154. 154. Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
  155. 155. Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Hepatology Services, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Capital District Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
  156. 156. Center for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
  157. 157. Division of Virology and Communicable Diseases Surveillance, School of Pathology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
  158. 158. Pakistan Medical Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
  159. 159. Department of Gastroenterology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  160. 160. St. Paul Hospital's Millennium College Vice Provost, GI Association, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  161. 161. Department of Hepatology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  162. 162. Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine, Centro de Educacion Medica e Investigaciones Clinicas Norberto Quirno (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
  163. 163. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
  164. 164. Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  165. 165. UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  166. 166. Departement Sante Publique, Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France
  167. 167. Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
  168. 168. Liver Unit, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
  169. 169. Infectious Diseases Department, Clinic of the South Urals State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
  170. 170. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  171. 171. Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  172. 172. Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Vasco de Quiroga No 15, Delegacion Tlalpan, Mexico DF, Mexico
  173. 173. Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
  174. 174. Infectious Diseases Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
  175. 175. JW Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
  176. 176. Department of Infectology and Travel Medicine, Medical Faculty, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
  177. 177. Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch sur Alzette, Luxembourg
  178. 178. Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver Diseases, HPB Surgery and Liver Transplant, Global Hospitals, Mumbai, India
  179. 179. Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases with Immunoprophylaxis, St. Petersburg Polyclinic 74, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
  180. 180. Infectious Disease and General Medicine, Sen Sok International University Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
  181. 181. Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Dakahliah, Egypt
  182. 182. Monash University, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  183. 183. Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
  184. 184. Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Centre for Health Services, Corinth, Greece
  185. 185. Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Universite Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
  186. 186. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
  187. 187. Christchurch Hospital, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
  188. 188. Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
  189. 189. Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
  190. 190. Department of Hepatology, Selayang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
  191. 191. Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
  192. 192. Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  193. 193. Department of Hepatology, Infectology Center of Latvia, Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
  194. 194. Department of Medicine, Latvian University, Riga, Latvia
  195. 195. Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
  196. 196. Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
  197. 197. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  198. 198. Deutsche Leberhilfe E.V., Koln, Germany
  199. 199. European Liver Patients Association, Sint-Truiden, Belgium
  200. 200. Medical School University of Zagreb, University Hospital of Infectious Diseases Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
  201. 201. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department Internal Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
  202. 202. German Liver Foundation, Germany
  203. 203. Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
  204. 204. Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
  205. 205. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  206. 206. State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  207. 207. Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Science, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
  208. 208. Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  209. 209. Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
  210. 210. Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
  211. 211. Liver Unit, Carmel University Medical Center, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israeli Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

Source: The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology Published:2017


Abstract

Background The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of—and expansion on—the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64–103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1·0% (95% uncertainty interval 0·8–1·1) in 2015, corresponding to 71·1 million (62·5–79·4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. Funding John C Martin Foundation. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
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