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Rational Design of B-Cell and T-Cell Multi Epitope-Based Vaccine Against Zika Virus, an in Silico Study Publisher Pubmed



Ganji M1 ; Bakhshi S2 ; Ahmadi K3 ; Shoari A4 ; Moeini S5 ; Ghaemi A6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
  5. 5. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
  6. 6. Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics Published:2024


Abstract

The Zika virus (ZKV) is a single-stranded positive-sense, enveloped RNA virus. Zika infection during pregnancy can cause congenital microcephaly, Guillain-Barre syndrome, miscarriage, and other CNS abnormalities. The world needs safe and effective vaccinations to fight against ZIKV infection since vaccination is generally regarded as one of the most effective ways to prevent infectious diseases. In the present work, we used immunoinformatics and docking studies to construct a vaccine containing multi-epitopes using the structural and non-structural proteins of ZKV. The structural models of ZKV proteins (PrE, PrM, NS1, and NS2A) were constructed using Pyre2 and RaptorX servers. The epitopes of B-cell, T-cell (HTL and CTL), and IFN-γ were predicted, and each epitope’s immunogenic nature and physiochemical properties were confirmed. As an adjuvant, the CPG-Oligodeoxynucleotide, an agonist of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), is associated to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes via PAPAP linker. To assess the binding affinity and the tendency of the designed vaccine to induce an immune response through TLR9, molecular docking was done. In the next step, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to 100 nanoseconds (ns) was used to evaluate the stability of the interaction of the designed vaccine with TLR9. The designed vaccine is predicted to be highly antigenic, non-toxic, soluble, and stable with low flexibility in MD simulation. MD studies indicated that the finalized vaccine-TLR9 docked complex was stable during simulation time. The vaccine construct is able to stimulate both humoral and cellular immune responses. We suppose that our constructed model of the vaccine may have the ability to induce the host immune response against ZKV. Further studies, including in vitro and in vivo experimental analyses, are needed to prove the constructed vaccine’s efficacy with multi-epitopes. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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