A Sensitive Graphene and Ethyl 2-(4-Ferrocenyl-[1,2,3]Triazol-1-Yl) Acetate Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for the Concurrent Determination of Isoproterenol, Acetaminophen, Tryptophan and Theophylline in Human Biological Fluids Publisher



Beitollahi H¹ ; Movlaee K² ; Ganjali MR^{2, 3} ; Norouzi P^{2, 3}
Source: Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry Published:2017

Abstract

The focus of the current work was on developing a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with graphene and ethyl 2-(4-ferrocenyl-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl) acetate (EFTA) (EFTAG-CPE) for concurrent determination of isoproterenol, acetaminophen, tryptophan and theophylline. The electrode was found to offer outstanding electrocatalytic activities in the oxidations of the different analytes in phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.0) providing well-resolved oxidation peaks with significant differences, i.e. 0.190 V between isoproterenol and acetaminophen, 0.510 V between isoproterenol and tryptophan, and 0.750 V between isoproterenol and theophylline. Using the electrodes in cyclic and square wave voltammetry (CV and SWV) the electrochemical reaction of isoproterenol was studied, and the results showed that the reaction is greatly facilitated as reflected by the enhanced oxidation current and the shift of the oxidation potential to a less positive potential as opposed to the case of bare CPEs. The oxidation current was found to be directly proportional to the concentration of isoproterenol in the ranges of 0.1 to 40.0 and 40.0 to 600.0 μM and a detection limit (3s) of 0.034 μM (S/N = 3) was observed for this analyte through SWV analyses based on EFTAG-CPE. The electrode was found to be applicable for use in the case of real samples. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.