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Epigenetics and Three Main Clinical Aspects of Breast Cancer Management Publisher



Izadi P1 ; Noruzinia M2
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Source: Epigenetics Territory and Cancer Published:2015


Abstract

Breast cancer as a malignant disease is a common cancer in women worldwide. As any other malignancies there are three main aspects in the management of breast cancer: diagnosis (early detection is crucial), tumor classification/ prognosis and treatment. This chapter focuses on the practical roles of epigenetic alterations (mainly DNA methylation) in these three clinical problems of breast cancer. DNA methylation signatures especially in cell free DNA in plasma or serum which originated from tumor cells, are promising tools for diagnosis and early detection of breast cancer. Also DNA methylation patterns in lymphocytes are a recent approach for breast cancer diagnosis. Epigenetic signatures in tumor tissues can classify tumors precisely and may provide new classification beyond conventional histopathological classifications. As epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and histone deacetylation are reversible, they are appropriate targets for epidrugs (DNMT inhibitors and HDACis) in breast cancer treatment. Finally micro RNAs as another epigenetic player in carcinogenesis will have a prominent role in the different clinical aspects of breast cancer diagnosis and prognostication. © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015.
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