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Epigenetic of Retinoic Acid Receptor ß2 Gene in Breast Cancer Publisher



Mehdipour P1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, P.O. Box 14176-13151, Tehran, Iran

Source: Epigenetics Territory and Cancer Published:2015


Abstract

This chapter is aimed to focus on the multi-disciplinary nature of Retinoic acid receptor ß2 (RARß2) gene in breast cancer (BC) and highlighting the basic information as an evolutionay insight. The antiproliferative and proapoptotic capacities of Retinoids, derivatives of vitamin, play the crucial role in biological processes and chemopreventive agents against BC. Cause of the pyramid growth and progression in cancers has its roots in minor subpopulations of cancer stem cells. It is highlighted that in cancer stem cell model, the classical structure of tumorigenic and nontumorigenic cells is due to the native epigenetic diversity within the cancer cell populations. Altered expression of RARß2 could lead to tumorigenesis and retinoid resistance. Hypermethylation of RARß2 interact with ERa/PR/HER2 as a triangle target genes in BC patients. Different environmental factors are considered as predisposing/ stimulator factors for methylation in ERa gene. Cancer family history as a preliminary risk factor, was inversely associated with the hypermethylated RARß2. Hypermethylation of specific involved genes in BC may lead to scilecing of those genes which have influential impact on carcinogenic and progressive processes. Moreover, diagnostic and therapeutic paradigms rely on the a bridging system between epigenetic profiling and clinical characteristics of cancer patients. Performance of multi-target strategy by considering pedigree based analysis and molecular/ cellular genetics, subsequently, bridging plan will be translated to the clinc. In this chapter, it was aimed to ladder the main facts in molecular and cell biological paradigm about RARß2 in BC which may lead to establish the more complementary prognostic based insights in direction of biomarker innovation, therapeutic strategy and more reliable clinical management for breast cancer patients. © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015.
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