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Study of the Tumor Microenvironment During Breast Cancer Progression Publisher



Eftekhari R1 ; Esmaeili R2 ; Mirzaei R1 ; Bidad K3 ; De Lima S4 ; Ajami M5 ; Shirzad H6 ; Hadjati J1 ; Majidzadeha K2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. ACECR, Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calgary, AB, Canada
  5. 5. Tarbiat Modares University, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord, Iran

Source: Cancer Cell International Published:2017


Abstract

Background: Different cells and mediators in the tumor microenvironment play important roles in the progression of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the composition of the microenvironment during tumor progression in order to discover new related biomarkers and potentials for targeted therapy. Methods: In this study, breast cancer biopsies from four different stages, and control breast biopsies were collected. Then, the mRNA expression of several markers related to different CD4+ T cell subsets including regulatory T cells (Treg), T helper (Th) type 1, 2 and 17 were determined. In addition, we investigated the expression of two inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and inflammatory mediators including FASL, IDO, SOCS1, VEGF, and CCR7. Results: The results showed that the expression of Th1 and Th17 genes was decreased in tumor tissues compared to control tissues. In addition, we found that the gene expression related to these two cell subsets decreased during cancer progression. Moreover, the expression level of TNF-α increased with tumor progression. Conclusion: We conclude that the expression of genes related to immune response and inflammation is different between tumor tissues and control tissues. In addition, this difference was perpetuated through the different stages of cancer. © 2017 The Author(s).
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