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Archaeogenetic Analysis of Neolithic Sheep From Anatolia Suggests a Complex Demographic History Since Domestication Publisher Pubmed



Yurtman E1 ; Ozer O1, 2 ; Yuncu E1 ; Dagtas ND1 ; Koptekin D3 ; Cakan YG4 ; Ozkan M1 ; Akbaba A5 ; Kaptan D1 ; Atag G1 ; Vural KB1 ; Gundem CY6 ; Martin L7 ; Kilinc GM1, 8 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Yurtman E1
  2. Ozer O1, 2
  3. Yuncu E1
  4. Dagtas ND1
  5. Koptekin D3
  6. Cakan YG4
  7. Ozkan M1
  8. Akbaba A5
  9. Kaptan D1
  10. Atag G1
  11. Vural KB1
  12. Gundem CY6
  13. Martin L7
  14. Kilinc GM1, 8
  15. Ghalichi A1, 9
  16. Acan SC1
  17. Yaka R1
  18. Saglican E1
  19. Lagerholm VK10
  20. Krzewinska M10
  21. Gunther T11
  22. Morell Miranda P11
  23. Piskin E12
  24. Sevketoglu M13
  25. Bilgin CC1
  26. Atakuman C12
  27. Erdal YS14, 15
  28. Surer E16
  29. Altinisik NE14, 15
  30. Lenstra JA17
  31. Yorulmaz S1
  32. Abazari MF18
  33. Hoseinzadeh J19
  34. Baird D20
  35. Bicakci E4
  36. Cevik O21
  37. Gerritsen F22
  38. Ozbal R23
  39. Gotherstrom A10
  40. Somel M1
  41. Togan I1
  42. Ozer F14, 15
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
  2. 2. Emmy Noether Group Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plon, Germany
  3. 3. Department of Health Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
  4. 4. Department of Prehistory, Istanbul University, Laleli, Istanbul, Turkey
  5. 5. Department of Anthropology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
  6. 6. Department of Archaeology, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
  7. 7. Institute of Archaeology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  8. 8. Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
  9. 9. Department of Archaeogenetics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany
  10. 10. Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
  11. 11. Department of Organismal Biology, Human Evolution Research Program, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  12. 12. Department of Settlement Archaeology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
  13. 13. Centre for Archaeology, Cultural Heritage and Conservation, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus
  14. 14. Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
  15. 15. Molecular Anthropology Group (Human_G), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
  16. 16. Department of Modeling and Simulation, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
  17. 17. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
  18. 18. Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  19. 19. Department of Archaeology, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
  20. 20. Department of Archaeology, Classics, and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  21. 21. Department of Archaeology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
  22. 22. Netherlands Institute in Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
  23. 23. Department of Archaeology and History of Art, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey

Source: Communications Biology Published:2021


Abstract

Sheep were among the first domesticated animals, but their demographic history is little understood. Here we analyzed nuclear polymorphism and mitochondrial data (mtDNA) from ancient central and west Anatolian sheep dating from Epipaleolithic to late Neolithic, comparatively with modern-day breeds and central Asian Neolithic/Bronze Age sheep (OBI). Analyzing ancient nuclear data, we found that Anatolian Neolithic sheep (ANS) are genetically closest to present-day European breeds relative to Asian breeds, a conclusion supported by mtDNA haplogroup frequencies. In contrast, OBI showed higher genetic affinity to present-day Asian breeds. These results suggest that the east-west genetic structure observed in present-day breeds had already emerged by 6000 BCE, hinting at multiple sheep domestication episodes or early wild introgression in southwest Asia. Furthermore, we found that ANS are genetically distinct from all modern breeds. Our results suggest that European and Anatolian domestic sheep gene pools have been strongly remolded since the Neolithic. © 2021, The Author(s).
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