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Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Gallstone: A Case–Control Study Publisher Pubmed



Tehrani AN1, 2 ; Saadati S3 ; Yari Z4 ; Salehpour A5 ; Sadeghi A6 ; Daftari G7 ; Ghorbani M8 ; Hekmatdoost A9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
  4. 4. Department of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, West Arghavan St. Farahzadi Blvd., Sharake Qods, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. School of Public Health, Occupational Health Research Center, Iran Universityof Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases of Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  9. 9. Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Source: BMC Gastroenterology Published:2023


Abstract

Background: Gallstone disease (GSD) and its complications are major public health issues globally. Although many community-based studies had addressed the risk factors for GSD, little is known about the associations between dietary factors and risk of disease. The present study aimed to investigate the potential associations between dietary fibers with the risk of gallstone disease. Methods: In this case–control study, 189 GSD patients with less than one month of diagnosis and 342 age‑matched controls were enrolled. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 168-item semi-quantitative validated food frequency questionnaire. Crude and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated through cox proportional hazards regression models. Results: Comparing the highest versus the lowest tertile, significant reverse associations were observed between odds of GSD and each category of dietary fiber intake including total (OR T3 vs. T1 = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.37–0.7, P for trend = 0.015), soluble (OR T3 vs. T1 = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.3–0.8, P for trend = 0.048) and insoluble (OR T3 vs. T1 = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.3–0.9, P for trend < 0.001). The relationship between dietary fiber intake and the risk of gallstones was more prominent in overweight and obese subjects than in subjects with a normal body mass index. Conclusion: Comprehensive assessment of the associations of dietary fiber intake with GSD showed that higher intakes of dietary fiber were significantly associated with reduced GSD risk. © 2023, The Author(s).
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