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Genetic and Epigenetic of Medullary Thyroid Cancer Publisher Pubmed



Khatami F1 ; Tavangar SM1, 2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Pathology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Iranian Biomedical Journal Published:2018


Abstract

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an infrequent calcitonin-producing neuroendocrine tumor that initiates from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland. Several genetic and epigenetic alterations are collaterally responsible for medullary thyroid carcinogenesis. In this review article, we shed light on all the genetic and epigenetic hallmarks of MTC. From the genetic perspective, RET, HRAS, and KRAS are the most important genes that are characterized in MTC. From the epigenetic perspective, Ras-association domain family member 1A, telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter methylations, overexpression of histone methyltransferases, EZH2 and SMYD3, and wide ranging increase and decrease in non-coding RNAs can be responsible for medullary thyroid carcinogenesis. © 2018, Pasteur Institute of Iran. All rights reserved.
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