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Biocompatibility Improvement of Artificial Cornea Using Chitosan-Dextran Nanoparticles Containing Bioactive Macromolecules Obtained From Human Amniotic Membrane Publisher Pubmed



Bakhshandeh H1, 2 ; Atyabi F3 ; Soleimani M4 ; Taherzadeh ES4, 5, 6 ; Shahhoseini S7 ; Cohan RA1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Nanobiotechnology Department, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  6. 6. Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran

Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2021


Abstract

Corneal transplantation, by which the damaged cornea is replaced by a new one, suffers from limited access to HLA-compatible-donors and high maintenance and surgical costs. Therefore, artificial corneas are considered as alternative tools with promising prospects. In our previous study, a two-part-polymeric artificial cornea was composed of enhanced hydrophilic surface electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) nanofibrous scaffold that is thermally connected to a polyvinyl alcohol-based hydrogel disk was prepared. Characterization tests revealed the prepared artificial cornea had similar biocompatible and structural characteristics regarding the natural cornea. In current study, human amniotic membrane extract containing growth factors, cytokines, anti-inflammatory factors, and anti-angiogenic factors was prepared, nano-encapsulated in chitosan-dextran nanoparticles, and physically decorated on the poly(ε-caprolactone)-polyvinyl-alcohol artificial cornea. Physicochemical and biological characterizations revealed the nano-decorated artificial cornea has more biocompatibility than the unmodified one. Our study demonstrated the bioactive macromolecules loaded on chitosan-dextran nanoparticles enhanced the anti-angiogenic property of artificial cornea through the sustained release of anti-angiogenic factors such as thrombospondin-1, endostatin, and heparin sulfate proteoglycan. Real-time-PCR and flow-cytometry assessments elucidated the vascularization was inhibited through a decrease in the expression of cluster of differentiation 31 and von-Willebrand-Factor. Our study proposed the use of biocompatible artificial cornea could be a promising strategy in corneal transplantation. © 2020
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