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An Overview to Nanocellulose Clinical Application: Biocompatibility and Opportunities in Disease Treatment Publisher



Malekpour K1 ; Hazrati A2 ; Khosrojerdi A3 ; Roshangar L4 ; Ahmadi M4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
  4. 4. Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Source: Regenerative Therapy Published:2023


Abstract

Recently, the demand for organ transplantation has promptly increased due to the enhanced incidence of body organ failure, the increasing efficiency of transplantation, and the improvement in post-transplant outcomes. However, due to a lack of suitable organs for transplantation to fulfill current demand, significant organ shortage problems have emerged. Developing efficient technologies in combination with tissue engineering (TE) has opened new ways of producing engineered tissue substitutes. The use of natural nanoparticles (NPs) such as nanocellulose (NC) and nano-lignin should be used as suitable candidates in TE due to their desirable properties. Many studies have used these components to form scaffolds and three-dimensional (3D) cultures of cells derived from different tissues for tissue repair. Interestingly, these natural NPs can afford scaffolds a degree of control over their characteristics, such as modifying their mechanical strength and distributing bioactive compounds in a controlled manner. These bionanomaterials are produced from various sources and are highly compatible with human-derived cells as they are derived from natural components. In this review, we discuss some new studies in this field. This review summarizes the scaffolds based on NC, counting nanocrystalline cellulose and nanofibrillated cellulose. Also, the efficient approaches that can extract cellulose with high purity and increased safety are discussed. We concentrate on the most recent research on the use of NC-based scaffolds for the restoration, enhancement, or replacement of injured organs and tissues, such as cartilage, skin, arteries, brain, and bone. Finally, we suggest the experiments and promises of NC-based TE scaffolds. © 2023 The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine
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