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Association of Dietary Phytochemical Index With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Observational Studies Publisher Pubmed



Mehranfar S1 ; Jalilpiran Y2, 3 ; Ejtahed HS4, 5 ; Seif E6 ; Shahrestanaki E6, 7 ; Mahdavigorabi A8 ; Esmaeiliabdar M9 ; Larijani B5 ; Qorbani M6, 10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  2. 2. Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  3. 3. Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  4. 4. Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  5. 5. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  6. 6. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  9. 9. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  10. 10. Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Source: International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research Published:2023


Abstract

Objective(s): Cardio-metabolic risk factors are becoming a global health concern. To address this problem, one of the proposed ways is to focus on phytochemical-rich foods consumption. Therefore, we aimed to summarize the results of observational studies (cohorts, casecontrol, and cross-sectional) that investigated the association between dietary phytochemical index (PI) as a new index for evaluating phytochemical-rich food intake and various risk factors of cardio-metabolic disorders. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive systematic review through PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The literature search was performed up to August 2021 with no publication year restriction on observational studies investigating the association between PI and cardiometabolic risk factors on adults and children. A random-effect meta-analysis was used. Results: Overall, 16 articles (cross-sectional, case-control, cohort) were eligible for this systematic review and 8 studies with 99771 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Random effect meta-analysis showed that adherence to higher dietary PI decrease the odds of abdominal obesity (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.88, I2: 84.90), generalized obesity (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.69, 0.98, I2: 68.10), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.89, I2: 0.00), hypertension (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.99, I2: 7.02), and MetS (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69, 0.88, I2: 84.90). However, results considering the associations between dietary PI with glycemic indices, and low highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were not significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Evidence showed adverse associations between dietary PI and some cardio-metabolic risk factors such as obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. © 2023 Hogrefe Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. All rights reserved.
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