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Naturally Occurring Biological Macromolecules-Based Hydrogels: Potential Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Publisher Pubmed



Samadian H1, 2 ; Maleki H3 ; Fathollahi A4 ; Salehi M5, 6 ; Gholizadeh S7, 8 ; Derakhshankhah H2 ; Allahyari Z7, 8 ; Jaymand M1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  2. 2. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  6. 6. Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
  8. 8. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States

Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2020


Abstract

Despite the recent advances in the treatment strategies of peripheral nerve system defects, peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is still one of the most important health issues with increasing incidence worldwide. The most commonly used treatment approaches are allografts, xenografts, and autologous, which have some drawbacks, including complications, limited source of the donor tissue, tubular collapse, and scar tissue formation. In this context, regenerative medicine has been introduced as a powerful approach to improve the healing process and obtain acceptable functional recovery in the injury site using living cells, scaffold, and bioactive (macro-) molecules. Amongst them, scaffold as a three-dimensional (3D) support biomaterial, structurally bridged the gap or site of injury in order to provide physical and chemical cues to promote correct reinnervation and functional regeneration. Amongst different scaffolding biomaterials, naturally occurring biological macromolecules (more especially proteins and polysaccharides)-based hydrogels exhibited promising results due to their fascinating physicochemical, as well as physiologically relevant properties. This review highlights the recent progress in the development of natural hydrogels-based neural scaffolds. Furthermore, PNI healing process, current status, and challenges are also shortly discussed. © 2020
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