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Enhancing Antimicrobial Efficacy Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilm Through Carbon Dot-Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation Publisher



Shiralizadeh S1 ; Farmany A2 ; Shokoohizadeh L3 ; Pourhajibagher M4 ; Alikhani MY1, 3 ; Bahador A5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, IR, Hamadan, Iran
  2. 2. Dental Implant Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  3. 3. Infectious Disease Research Center, Avicenna Institute of Clinical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, IR, Hamadan, Iran
  4. 4. Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Microbiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: AMB Express Published:2024


Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms shield the bacteria from antibiotics and the body’s defenses, often leading to chronic infections that are challenging to treat. This study aimed to assess the impact of sub-lethal doses of antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (sAPDI) utilizing carbon dots (CDs) derived from gentamicin and imipenem on biofilm formation and the expression of genes (pelA and pslA) associated with P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. The anti-biofilm effects of sAPDI were evaluated by exposing P. aeruginosa to sub-minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (sub-MBIC) of CDsGEN-NH2, CDsIMP-NH2, CDsGEN-IMP, and CDsIMP-GEN, combined with sub-lethal UVA light irradiation. Biofilm formation ability was assessed by crystal violet (CV) assay and enumeration method. Additionally, the impact of sAPDI on the expression of pelF and pslA genes was evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Compared to the control group, the sAPDI treatment with CDsGEN-NH2, CDsIMP-NH2, CDsGEN-IMP, and CDsIMP-GEN resulted in a significant reduction in biofilm activity of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (P < 0.0001). The CV assay method demonstrated reductions in optical density of 83.70%, 81.08%, 89.33%, and 75.71%, while the CFU counting method showed reductions of 4.03, 3.76, 4.39, and 3.21 Log10 CFU/mL. qRT-PCR analysis revealed decreased expression of the pelA and pslA genes in P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 following sAPDI treatment compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The results indicate that sAPDI using CDs derived from gentamicin and imipenem can decrease the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa and the expression of the pelA and pslA genes associated with its biofilm formation. © The Author(s) 2024.
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