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Oncolytic Virotherapy: Challenges and Solutions Publisher Pubmed



Goradel NH1 ; Baker AT2 ; Arashkia A3 ; Ebrahimi N4 ; Ghorghanlu S1 ; Negahdari B1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
  3. 3. Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Division of Genetics, Department cell and molecular Biology & microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Current Problems in Cancer Published:2021


Abstract

Viruses as cancer therapies have attracted attention since the 19th century. Scientists observation that viruses can preferentially lyse cancer cells rather than healthy cells, created the field of oncolytic virology. Like other therapeutic strategies, oncolytic virotherapy has challenges, such as penetration into tumor bulk, anti-viral immune responses, off-target infection, adverse conditions in the tumor microenvironment, and the lack of specific predictive and therapeutic biomarkers. Whilst much progress has been made, as highlighted by the first Food and Drug Administration approval of an oncolytic virus talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) in 2015, addressing these issues remains a significant hurdle. Here we discuss different types of oncolytic viruses, their application in clinical trials, and finally challenges faced by the field of oncolytic virotherapy and strategies to overcome them. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
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