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Oncolytic Adenovirus: A Tool for Cancer Therapy in Combination With Other Therapeutic Approaches Publisher Pubmed



Goradel NH1 ; Mohajel N2 ; Malekshahi ZV1 ; Jahangiri S3 ; Najafi M4 ; Farhood B5 ; Mortezaee K6 ; Negahdari B1 ; Arashkia A2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  4. 4. Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  5. 5. Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology Published:2019


Abstract

Cancer therapy using oncolytic viruses is an emerging area, in which viruses are engineered to selectively propagate in tumor tissues without affecting healthy cells. Because of the advantages that adenoviruses (Ads) have over other viruses, they are more considered. To achieve tumor selectivity, two main modifications on Ads genome have been applied: small deletions and insertion of tissue- or tumor-specific promoters. Despite oncolytic adenoviruses ability in tumor cell lysis and immune responses stimulation, to further increase their antitumor effects, genomic modifications have been carried out including insertion of checkpoint inhibitors and antigenic or immunostimulatory molecules into the adenovirus genome and combination with dendritic cells and chemotherapeutic agents. This study reviews oncolytic adenoviruses structures, their antitumor efficacy in combination with other therapeutic strategies, and finally challenges around this treatment approach. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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