Mofs As Versatile Catalysts: Synthesis Strategies and Applications in Value-Added Compound Production Publisher



Malekshah RE^{1, 2} ; Moharramnejad M^{3, 4} ; Gharanli S⁵ ; Shahi M² ; Ehsani A⁴ ; Haribabu J^{6, 15} ; Ouachtak H^{7, 8} ; Mirtamizdoust B⁴ ; Kamwilaisak K⁹ ; Sillanpaa M^{10, 11, 12, 13} ; Erfani H¹⁴
Source: ACS Omega Published:2023

Abstract

Catalysts played a crucial role in advancing modern human civilization, from ancient times to the industrial revolution. Due to high cost and limited availability of traditional catalysts, there is a need to develop cost-effective, high-activity, and nonprecious metal-based electrocatalysts. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as an ideal candidate for heterogeneous catalysis due to their physicochemical properties, hybrid inorganic/organic structures, uncoordinated metal sites, and accessible organic sections. MOFs are high nanoporous crystalline materials that can be used as catalysts to facilitate polymerization reactions. Their chemical and structural diversity make them effective for various reactions compared to traditional catalysts. MOFs have been applied in gas storage and separation, ion-exchange, drug delivery, luminescence, sensing, nanofilters, water purification, and catalysis. The review focuses on MOF-enabled heterogeneous catalysis for value-added compound production, including alcohol oxidation, olefin oligomerization, and polymerization reactions. MOFs offer tunable porosity, high spatial density, and single-crystal XRD control over catalyst properties. In this review, MOFs were focused on reactions of CO2 fixation, CO2 reduction, and photoelectrochemical water splitting. Overall, MOFs have great potential as versatile catalysts for diverse applications in the future. © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.