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Nano-Immunosensors for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Foodborne Toxins; Recent Advances Publisher



Akbarialavijeh S1 ; Shaddel R2 ; Lee CC3, 4 ; Pourjafar H5 ; Ansari F6 ; Alizadeh Sani M7 ; Ajili N8 ; Assadpour E9, 10 ; Zhang F11 ; Jafari SM12, 13
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Food Science and Technology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali Avenue No: 281, Halkali, Istanbul, Kucukcekmece, 34303, Turkey
  4. 4. Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technologies, Klaipeda State University of Applied Sciences, Jaunystes str. 1, LT-91274, Klaipeda, Lithuania
  5. 5. Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Karaj, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Avian Disease Research and Diagnostics, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. R&D Department of PersisGen Par Co, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Food Industry Research Co, Gorgan, Iran
  10. 10. Food and Bio-Nanotech International Research Center (Fabiano), Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
  11. 11. College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
  12. 12. Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
  13. 13. Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Source: Industrial Crops and Products Published:2025


Abstract

Foodborne toxins pose significant risks to public health, necessitating rapid and accurate detection methods to ensure food safety. Traditional detection methods, such as chromatography and mass spectrometry, are often time-consuming, expensive, and require extensive sample preparation. Nano-immunosensors (NISs), which are biosensors that incorporate nanoscale materials (e.g., nanoparticles) to detect specific analytes (e.g., bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli, mycotoxins like aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, marine toxins such as ciguatoxins and saxitoxins, and chemical contaminants including pesticides and heavy metals), offer a promising alternative, leveraging the unique properties of nanomaterials to achieve high sensitivity and specificity in detecting a wide range of toxins. These sensors enable real-time monitoring with minimal sample preparation, making them highly suitable for complex food matrices. Additionally, NISs can be integrated into portable devices, facilitating on-site testing and immediate decision-making, which is critical in food safety management. Their ability to detect multiple toxins simultaneously further enhances their utility in diverse food safety applications. This review explores the development of NISs, focusing on their applications in detecting bacterial, fungal, and marine toxins, as well as chemical contaminants. Key advantages, such as rapid detection, cost-effectiveness, and enhanced sensitivity compared to conventional methods, are highlighted. The potential for future advancements in NIS technology to further improve food safety and public health outcomes is also discussed, emphasizing their role in meeting the increasing demand for safer food products. © 2025 The Authors
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