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Testicular Tissue Vitrification: A Promising Strategy for Male Fertility Preservation Publisher Pubmed



Nikmahzar A1 ; Khadivi F2 ; Abbasi M1 ; Mahdavinezhad F1 ; Abbasi Y3 ; Daneshi E4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  3. 3. School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

Source: Reproductive Sciences Published:2023


Abstract

Destruction of spermatogonial stem cells in juvenile men survivors of pediatric cancers leads to infertility as a side effect of gonadotoxic therapies. Sperm freezing before cancer treatment is commonly used in the clinic for fertility preservation, but this method is not applicable for prepubertal boys due to the lack of mature sperm. In these cases, cryopreservation of testicular tissues is the only option for fertility preservation. Although controlled slow freezing (CSF) is the most common procedure for testicular tissue cryopreservation, vitrification can be used as an alternative method. Controlled vitrification has prevented cell damage and formation of ice crystals. Procedures were done easily and quickly with a brief exposure time to high concentration of cryoprotectants without expensive equipment. Different studies used vitrification of testicular tissues and they assessed the morphology of seminiferous tubules, apoptosis, and viability of spermatogonial cells. Transplantation of vitrified testicular tissue into infertile recipient mice as well as in vitro culture of vitrified tissues was done in previous studies and their findings showed complete spermatogenesis and production of mature sperm. Review articles usually have compared controlled slow freezing with vitrification. In this review, we focused only on the vitrification method and its results. Despite promising results, many studies have been done for finding an optimal cryopreservation protocol in order to successfully preserve fertility in prepubertal boys. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society for Reproductive Investigation.
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