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A Proposed Simplified Definition of Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: A Global Perspective Publisher Pubmed



Zong X1, 2 ; Kelishadi R3 ; Kim HS4 ; Schwandt P5 ; Matsha TE6 ; Mill JG8 ; Caserta CA9 ; Medeiros CCM10 ; Kollias A11 ; Whincup PH12 ; Pacifico L13 ; Lopezbermejo A14, 15, 16 ; Zhao M17 ; Zheng M18 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Zong X1, 2
  2. Kelishadi R3
  3. Kim HS4
  4. Schwandt P5
  5. Matsha TE6
  6. Mill JG8
  7. Caserta CA9
  8. Medeiros CCM10
  9. Kollias A11
  10. Whincup PH12
  11. Pacifico L13
  12. Lopezbermejo A14, 15, 16
  13. Zhao M17
  14. Zheng M18
  15. Xi B2
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
  2. 2. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
  3. 3. Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
  5. 5. Atherosclerosis Prevention Institute, Munich-Nuremberg, Munich, Germany
  6. 6. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health & amp
  7. 7. Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
  8. 8. Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
  9. 9. Associazione Calabrese Di Epatologia - Medicina Solidale - A.C.E. ETS, Reggio Calabria, Italy
  10. 10. Department of Public Health, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil
  11. 11. Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece
  12. 12. Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, United Kingdom
  13. 13. Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
  14. 14. Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Salt, Spain
  15. 15. Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
  16. 16. Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
  17. 17. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
  18. 18. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia

Source: BMC Medicine Published:2024


Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is becoming prevalent in the pediatric population. The existing pediatric MetS definitions (e.g., the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition and the modified National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) definition) involve complex cut-offs, precluding fast risk assessment in clinical practice. We proposed a simplified definition for assessing MetS risk in youths aged 6–17 years, and compared its performance with two existing widely used pediatric definitions (the IDF definition, and the NCEP definition) in 10 pediatric populations from 9 countries globally (n = 19,426) using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. In general, the total MetS prevalence of 6.2% based on the simplified definition was roughly halfway between that of 4.2% and 7.7% estimated from the IDF and NCEP definitions, respectively. The ROC curve analyses showed a good agreement between the simplified definition and two existing definitions: the total area under the curve (95% confidence interval) of the proposed simplified definition for identifying MetS risk achieved 0.91 (0.89–0.92) and 0.79 (0.78–0.81) when using the IDF or NCEP definition as the gold standard, respectively. The proposed simplified definition may be useful for pediatricians to quickly identify MetS risk and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) clustering in clinical practice, and allow direct comparison of pediatric MetS prevalence across different populations, facilitating consistent pediatric MetS risk monitoring and the development of evidence-based pediatric MetS prevention strategies globally. © The Author(s) 2024.
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