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Effects of Dairy Products Consumption on Inflammatory Biomarkers Among Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Publisher Pubmed



Moosavian SP1, 2, 3 ; Rahimlou M4 ; Saneei P2, 5 ; Esmaillzadeh A6, 7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Nutrition, School of Para-Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases Published:2020


Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to summarize earlier studies on the effects of dairy consumption on inflammatory biomarkers in adults and to quantify these effects through meta-analysis. Data synthesis: A comprehensive search of all relevant articles, published up to December 2019 indexed in PubMed, ISI (Institute for Scientific Information), EmBase, Scopus, and Google Scholar was done using relevant keywords. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effect of dairy products consumption, compared with low or no dairy intake, on inflammatory biomarkers in adults were included. Overall, 11 RCTs with 663 participants were included in this meta-analysis. We found that high consumption of dairy products, compared with low or no dairy intake, might significantly reduce CRP [weighed mean difference (WMD): −0.24 mg/L; 95% CI, −0.35, −0.14], TNF-α (WMD:- 0.66 pg/mL; 95% CI, −1.23, −0.09), IL-6 (WMD: −0.74 pg/mL; 95% CI, −1.36, −0.12), and MCP concentrations (WMD: −25.58 pg/mL; 95% CI, −50.31, −0.86). However, when the analyses were confined to cross-over trials, no such beneficial effects of dairy intake on inflammation were observed. In addition, high dairy intake might result in increased adiponectin levels (WMD: 2.42 μg/mL; 95% CI, 0.17, 4.66). No significant effect of dairy consumption on serum leptin (WMD: −0.32 ng/mL; 95% CI, −3.30, 2.65), ICAM-1 (WMD: −3.38 ng/ml; 95% CI, −15.57, 8.96) and VCAM-1 (WMD: 3.1 ng/mL; 95% CI, −21.38, 27.58) levels was observed. Conclusions: In summary, the current meta-analysis indicated that dairy intake might improve several inflammatory biomarkers in adults. In most subgroups without heterogeneity, effects tended to be null. Study design and participants’ age were the main sources of heterogeneity. More research, with a particular focus on fat content of dairy foods, is recommended. © 2020 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University
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