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Associations Between Diet Quality and Migraine Headaches: A Cross-Sectional Study Publisher Pubmed

Summary: Study links better diet quality to fewer migraines and less disability, but not nitric oxide levels. #Migraine #DietQuality

Balali A1 ; Karimi E2, 3 ; Kazemi M4, 5, 6 ; Hadi A7 ; Askari G1 ; Khorvash F8 ; Arab A1
Authors

Source: Nutritional Neuroscience Published:2024


Abstract

Aims: We evaluated associations between diet quality and migraine outcomes. Methods: The current work represented a cross-sectional study on 262 patients with migraine (20–50 y). Diet quality was assessed using the standard healthy eating index 2015 (HEI-2015) and alternative healthy eating index 2010 (AHEI-2010). A validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake. Migraine outcomes included clinical factors (severity, duration, frequency, and disability related to migraine) and serum nitric oxide (NO). Associations between diet quality indices and migraine outcomes were evaluated using linear regressions, and β and 95% corresponding confidence interval (CI) were reported. Results: HEI-2015 was inversely associated with migraine frequency (β = −4.75, 95% CI: −6.73, −2.76) in patients with the highest HEI scores (third tertile) vs. those with the lowest scores (first tertile) after adjusting for relevant confounders. AHEI-2010 was inversely associated with migraine frequency (β = −3.67, 95% CI: −5.65, −1.69) and migraine-related disability (β = −2.74, 95% CI: −4.79, −0.68) in adjusted models. Also, AHEI-2010 was inversely associated with migraine severity in patients in the second vs. first tertile (β = −0.56; 95% CI: −1.08, −0.05). We detected no associations between diet quality and NO levels (All P > 0.14). Conclusions: Improved diet quality may be associated with favorable migraine outcomes (lower headache frequency, severity, and migraine-related disability). Future studies are required to confirm and delineate the causal mechanisms of our observations. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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