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Adolescent Transport and Unintentional Injuries: A Systematic Analysis Using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 Publisher Pubmed



Peden AE1, 6 ; Cullen P2, 7 ; Francis KL10 ; Moeller H3, 8 ; Peden MM11, 15 ; Ye P4, 16, 17 ; Tian M4, 18 ; Zou Z19, 20 ; Sawyer SM18, 19 ; Aali A20, 25 ; Abbasikangevari Z31, 32, 43 ; Abbasikangevari M31, 36, 46 ; Abdelmasseh M59 ; Abdoun M8 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Peden AE1, 6
  2. Cullen P2, 7
  3. Francis KL10
  4. Moeller H3, 8
  5. Peden MM11, 15
  6. Ye P4, 16, 17
  7. Tian M4, 18
  8. Zou Z19, 20
  9. Sawyer SM18, 19
  10. Aali A20, 25
  11. Abbasikangevari Z31, 32, 43
  12. Abbasikangevari M31, 36, 46
  13. Abdelmasseh M59
  14. Abdoun M8
  15. Abdrabu R60, 61, 62
  16. Abdulah DM64, 65
  17. Abdurehman AM8
  18. Abebe G8
  19. Abebe AM8
  20. Abedi A79, 80
  21. Abidi H82, 83
  22. Aboagye RG84, 85, 89
  23. Ali HA86, 87
  24. Gharbieh EA91
  25. Adane DE8
  26. Adane TD97, 98, 99, 100
  27. Addo IY101, 102
  28. Adewole OG103, 104, 105, 106
  29. Adhikari S107, 108
  30. Adnan M8
  31. Adnani QES8
  32. Afolabi AAB111, 112
  33. Afzal S8
  34. Afzal MS116, 117, 118, 119
  35. Aghdam ZB121, 289
  36. Ahinkorah BO290
  37. Ahmad AR8
  38. Ahmad T9
  39. Ahmad S10
  40. Ahmadi A11, 35
  41. Ahmed H12
  42. Ahmed MB13
  43. Ahmed A14
  44. Ahmed A14
  45. Ahmed JQ16
  46. Rashid TA146
  47. Aithala JP147
  48. Aji B148
  49. Akhlaghdoust M36, 37, 149
  50. Alahdab F164, 387
  51. Alanezi FM150, 151, 152, 153
  52. Alemayehu A8
  53. Hamad HA154, 155, 156, 157
  54. Ali SS158, 388
  55. Ali L159
  56. Alimohamadi Y44, 160, 161
  57. Alipour V160, 161, 162
  58. Aljunid SM170, 171
  59. Almidani L172, 173
  60. Almustanyir S174, 175
  61. Altirkawi KA176, 177
  62. Alviszakzuk NJ178, 179
  63. Ameyaw EK128
  64. Amin TT8
  65. Amirbehghadami M183
  66. Amiri S184
  67. Amiri H8
  68. Anagaw TF187, 188
  69. Andrei T193, 194
  70. Andrei CL8
  71. Anvari D198, 199
  72. Anwar SL8
  73. Anyasodor AE201, 202, 203
  74. Arabloo J160, 161
  75. Arabzozani M8
  76. Arja A204, 205
  77. Arulappan J207
  78. Arumugam A92, 208
  79. Aryannejad A43, 45, 48
  80. Asgary S37, 38, 209
  81. Ashraf T211
  82. Athari SS214
  83. Atreya A215
  84. Attia S216
  85. Aujayeb A217, 218
  86. Awedew AF8
  87. Azadnajafabad S43, 46
  88. Azangoukhyavy M32, 36, 43, 46
  89. Azari S8
  90. Jafari AA163
  91. Azizi H44, 123
  92. Azzam AY8
  93. Badiye AD222
  94. Baghcheghi N8
  95. Bagherieh S8
  96. Baig AA8
  97. Bakkannavar SM8
  98. Balta AB70
  99. Banach M232, 233
  100. Banik PC234
  101. Bansal H235
  102. Bardhan M236, 237
  103. Baroneadesi F238, 239, 240
  104. Barrow A241, 242
  105. Bashiri A28, 32
  106. Baskaran P243
  107. Basu S245
  108. Bayileyegn NS8
  109. Bekel AA8
  110. Bekele AB69, 189
  111. Bendak S246
  112. Bensenor IM8
  113. Berhie AY190
  114. Bhagat DS249, 250
  115. Bhagavathula AS251, 252
  116. Bhardwaj P8
  117. Bhardwaj N243
  118. Bhaskar S255
  119. Bhat AN8
  120. Bhattacharyya K256, 257, 258
  121. Bhutta ZA259, 260, 261
  122. Bibi S262
  123. Bintoro BS263, 264
  124. Bitaraf S8
  125. Bodicha BBA71
  126. Boloor A8, 676
  127. Bouaoud S268
  128. Brown J9
  129. Burkart K270
  130. Butt NS122
  131. Butt MH275, 277, 278
  132. Camera LA279, 280
  133. Rincon JCC281
  134. Cao C282, 283
  135. Carvalho AF122
  136. Carvalho M122
  137. Chakraborty PA122
  138. Chandrasekar EK291, 292
  139. Chang JC122
  140. Charalampous P293, 294, 295
  141. Charan J122
  142. Chattu VK296, 297
  143. Chekole BM73
  144. Chitheer A299
  145. Cho DY122
  146. Chopra H122
  147. Christopher DJ300, 301, 302
  148. Chukwu IS122
  149. Cruzmartins N303
  150. Dadras O304, 305
  151. Dahlawi SMA165
  152. Dai X270
  153. Damiani G306
  154. Darmstadt GL53
  155. Soltani RDC122
  156. Darwesh AM122
  157. Das S122
  158. Dastiridou A309, 310, 312
  159. Debela SA69, 77, 78
  160. Dehghan A180
  161. Demeke GM75, 313, 314
  162. Demetriades AK315, 316
  163. Demissie S73
  164. Dessalegn FN317
  165. Desta AA318
  166. Dianatinasab M29, 122
  167. Diao N123
  168. Da Silva DD124
  169. Diaz D323, 324
  170. Digesa LE74
  171. Diress M319
  172. Djalalinia S210
  173. Doan LP325
  174. Dodangeh M122
  175. Doku PN125
  176. Dongarwar D327
  177. Dsouza HL228, 677
  178. Eini E265
  179. Ekholuenetale M114
  180. Ekundayo TC159
  181. Elagali AEM328, 329
  182. Elbahnasawy MA330
  183. Elhabashy HR181
  184. Elhadi M332
  185. Zaki MES333
  186. Enyew DB334
  187. Erkhembayar R335, 377
  188. Eskandarieh S46, 49
  189. Etaee F122
  190. Fagbamigbe AF12, 114, 339
  191. Faris PS340
  192. Farmany A343
  193. Faro A344
  194. Farzadfar F43
  195. Fatehizadeh A224
  196. Fereshtehnejad SM345, 348
  197. Feroze AH271, 351
  198. Fetensa G122
  199. Feyisa BR352
  200. Filip I190, 353
  201. Fischer F252
  202. Foroutan B122
  203. Foroutan M354, 355
  204. Fowobaje KR114, 356
  205. Franklin RC122
  206. Fukumoto T197, 389, 390
  207. Gaal PA357, 359
  208. Gadanya MA111, 112, 360
  209. Galali Y341, 342
  210. Galehdar N361, 391
  211. Ganesan B362, 363
  212. Garg T63, 392
  213. Gebrehiwot MGD185, 393
  214. Gebremariam YH75, 394
  215. Gela YY319, 395
  216. Gerema U396
  217. Ghafourifard M124, 397
  218. Ghamari SH32, 36, 43, 398
  219. Ghanbari R399
  220. Nour MG21, 25, 26
  221. Gholamalizadeh M38, 39, 400
  222. Gholami A46, 401
  223. Gholamrezanezhad A402
  224. Ghozy S64, 403
  225. Gilani SA212, 367
  226. Gill TK368, 404
  227. Ginavazquez I369, 405
  228. Girma ZA75, 406
  229. Glasbey JC372, 407
  230. Glozah FN373, 408
  231. Golechha M374, 409
  232. Goleij P375
  233. Grivna M376
  234. Guadie HA191
  235. Gunawardane DA377
  236. Guo Y33
  237. Gupta VB380
  238. Gupta S410
  239. Gupta B381, 411
  240. Gupta VK285, 382
  241. Hajmirzaian A39, 40, 41
  242. Halwani R91, 93
  243. Hamadeh RR412
  244. Hameed S213, 413
  245. Hanfore LK414
  246. Hanif A213, 415
  247. Hargono A416
  248. Harlianto NI386
  249. Harorani M28
  250. Hasaballah AI143, 144, 331
  251. Mahmudul Hasan SM473, 474
  252. Hassan A122
  253. Hassanipour S475, 476
  254. Hassankhani H478
  255. Havmoeller RJ479
  256. Hay SI270
  257. Heidari M136
  258. Hendrie D480
  259. Heyi DZ317
  260. Hiraike Y481
  261. Holla R229
  262. Horita N482, 483
  263. Hossain SJ484
  264. Hossain MBH486
  265. Shabanan SH47, 417
  266. Hosseinzadeh M326
  267. Hostiuc S195, 487
  268. Hoveidaei AH48, 50, 418
  269. Hsiao AK488
  270. Hussain S489, 490
  271. Hussein A122
  272. Ibitoye SE419
  273. Ilesanmi OS111, 112
  274. Ilic IM492
  275. Ilic MD420
  276. Imani B421
  277. Immurana M493
  278. Inbaraj LR494
  279. Islam SMS486, 497
  280. Islam RM495
  281. Islam MM422
  282. Ismail NE499
  283. Linda Merin J500
  284. Jahrami H383, 501
  285. Jakovljevic M502, 503, 504
  286. Janodia MD230, 423
  287. Javaheri T505
  288. Jayapal SK506
  289. Jayarajah UU507, 508
  290. Jayaraman S509, 510
  291. Jeganathan J256, 424
  292. Jemal B512
  293. Jha RP513, 514
  294. Jonas JB515, 516
  295. Joo T357
  296. Joseph N425, 678
  297. Jozwiak JJ517
  298. Jarisson M518
  299. Kabir A164, 426
  300. Kadashetti V519
  301. Kadir DH94, 258
  302. Kalankesh LR427
  303. Kalankesh LR427
  304. Kalhor R364, 365
  305. Kamal VK520
  306. Kamath R231, 321
  307. Kandel H498, 521
  308. Kantar RS522, 523
  309. Kapoor N222, 428
  310. Karami H162, 524
  311. Karaye IM525
  312. Karkhah S477
  313. Katoto PDMC526, 527
  314. Kauppila JH346, 528
  315. Kayode GA384, 529
  316. Keikavoosiarani L385, 530
  317. Keskin C532
  318. Khader YS533
  319. Khajuria H534
  320. Khammarnia M535
  321. Khan EA429
  322. Khan MN430
  323. Khan M537
  324. Khan YH538
  325. Khan IA539
  326. Khan A540
  327. Khan MAB253, 541
  328. Khanali J33, 36, 43, 542
  329. Khatatbeh MM545
  330. Kashani HRK40, 42, 544
  331. Khazaie H545
  332. Khubchandani J546
  333. Kifle ZD547
  334. Kim J548
  335. Kim YJ549
  336. Kisa S550
  337. Kisa A109, 110
  338. Kneib CJ272
  339. Kompani F49, 51
  340. Koohestani HR223, 554
  341. Koul PA555
  342. Laxminarayana SLK553, 556
  343. Koyanagi A370, 557
  344. Krishan K558
  345. Krishnamoorthy V273, 559
  346. Bicer BK560
  347. Kumar N561, 678
  348. Kumar N561, 678
  349. Kumar N561, 678
  350. Kumar M564
  351. Kurmi OP565
  352. Laflamme L347, 566
  353. Lam J358, 567
  354. Landires I568
  355. Larijani B50, 52, 569
  356. Lasrado S570
  357. Lauriola P571
  358. La Vecchia C307, 572
  359. Lee SWH573
  360. Lee YH574
  361. Lee SW575
  362. Lee WC140, 576
  363. Legesse SM206, 577
  364. Li S378, 578
  365. Lim SS270, 579
  366. Lorenzovici L162, 580
  367. Luke AO581
  368. Madadizadeh F186
  369. Madureiracarvalho AM583
  370. El Razek MMA311, 584
  371. Mahjoub S585
  372. Mahmoodpoor A127, 586
  373. Mahmoudi R587
  374. Mahmoudimanesh M366, 588
  375. Majeed A12, 589
  376. Makki A590
  377. Rad EM51, 591
  378. Malekpour MR43, 133, 592
  379. Malik AA131, 132, 134, 135, 213, 276, 593
  380. Mallhi TH594
  381. Malta DC284, 286, 287, 595
  382. Mansouri B596
  383. Mansournia MA44, 597
  384. Mathews E598
  385. Maulud SQ340, 599
  386. Mazingi D600
  387. Nasab EM601
  388. Mendozacano O602
  389. Menezes RG166, 603
  390. Mengistu DA335, 604
  391. Mentis AFA605
  392. Meretoja A606
  393. Mesregah MK607
  394. Mestrovic T270, 608
  395. De Sa ACMGN609
  396. Miller TR480
  397. Mirghaderi SP52, 54, 610
  398. Mirica A193, 611
  399. Mirmoeeni S612
  400. Mirrakhimov EM613
  401. Mirza M614
  402. Misra S244, 615
  403. Mithra P616, 678
  404. Mittal C617
  405. Moberg ME270, 618
  406. Mohammadi M619
  407. Mohammadi S47, 620
  408. Mohammadi E53, 88, 621
  409. Mohammadpourhodki R22, 622
  410. Mohammed S227, 623
  411. Mohammed TA226, 624
  412. Mohseni M165, 225, 625
  413. Mokdad AH270, 626
  414. Momtazmanesh S43, 627
  415. Monasta L628
  416. Moni MA629
  417. Moreira RS630
  418. Morrison SD274, 631
  419. Mostafavi E632
  420. Isfahani HM633
  421. Mubarik S634
  422. Muccioli L635
  423. Mukherjee S636
  424. Mulita F637
  425. Mustafa G638
  426. Nagarajan AJ639
  427. Naimzada MD640
  428. Nangia V641
  429. Nassereldine H270, 642
  430. Natto ZS277, 322, 643
  431. Nayak BP534
  432. Negoi I196, 644
  433. Nejadghaderi SA41, 269, 288, 645
  434. Nepal S646
  435. Kandel SN647
  436. Noroozi N56, 648
  437. Nuaezsamudio V649
  438. Nzoputam OJ650
  439. Nzoputam CI651
  440. Ochir C337, 652
  441. Odhiambo JN653
  442. Odukoya OO511
  443. Okatialiabad H182
  444. Okonji OC654
  445. Olagunju AT655
  446. Bali AO66, 90, 137, 138, 139, 145, 656
  447. Omer E95, 657
  448. Otoiu A193
  449. Otstavnov SS659
  450. Otstavnov N660
  451. Oumer B76, 661
  452. Owolabi MO55, 662
  453. Mahesh PA663
  454. Padronmonedero A664
  455. Padubidri JR665
  456. Fallahy MTP57, 666
  457. Pandajonas S667
  458. Pandiperumal SR298, 668
  459. Pardhan S669
  460. Park EK670
  461. Patel SK671
  462. Pathan AR40, 672
  463. Pati S673
  464. Paudel U674
  465. Pawar S338, 431
  466. Pedersini P675
  467. Peres MFP248
  468. Petcu IR193, 432
  469. Phillips MR543
  470. Pillay JD68, 433
  471. Piracha ZZ536
  472. Poursadeqiyan M68, 434
  473. Pourtaheri N62, 435
  474. Qattea I63, 436
  475. Radfar A93, 437
  476. Rafiee A65, 438
  477. Raghav PR243, 439
  478. Rahim F58, 440
  479. Rahman MA88, 441
  480. Rahman FS85, 89, 442
  481. Rahman M60, 443
  482. Rahmani AM61, 444
  483. Rahmani S41, 43
  484. Moolambally SR63, 445
  485. Ramazanu S69, 446
  486. Ramezanzadeh K39, 40, 447
  487. Rana J606
  488. Rana SM617
  489. Rao CR658
  490. Rao SJ659
  491. Rashedi V166, 448
  492. Rashidi MM34, 36, 43
  493. Rastogi P45, 449, 677
  494. Rasul A450
  495. Rawaf S451
  496. Rawaf DL13, 14, 452
  497. Rawal L14, 453
  498. Rawassizadeh R85, 89, 454
  499. Rezaei N18, 43, 50, 455
  500. Rezaei N18, 43, 50, 455
  501. Rezaeian M46, 47, 52
  502. Rezapour A160, 161
  503. Riad A490
  504. Riaz M141, 142
  505. Rickard J141, 457
  506. Rodriguez JAB121
  507. Roever L510
  508. Ronfani L511
  509. Roy B512
  510. Manjula S25, 459
  511. Saad AMA58, 460
  512. Sabour S35, 68, 461
  513. Sabzmakan L58, 462
  514. Saddik B96, 463
  515. Sadeghi M219, 220, 221
  516. Saeb MR25, 464
  517. Saeed U258, 465
  518. Moghaddam SS43, 466
  519. Safi SZ484
  520. Sahiledengle B317, 467
  521. Sahoo H525
  522. Sahraian MA46, 468
  523. Saki M266, 469
  524. Salamati P57, 58, 59
  525. Salehi S81, 470
  526. Salem MR552
  527. Samy AM551
  528. Sanabria J308
  529. Santricmilicevic MM491
  530. Saqib MAN120, 471
  531. Sarikhani Y26, 31, 472
  532. Sarveazad A167
  533. Sathian B322
  534. Satpathy M25
  535. Saya GK64
  536. Schneider IJC85, 89
  537. Schwebel DC91
  538. Seddighi H4
  539. Senthilkumaran S248
  540. Seylani A57
  541. Shabaninejad H168
  542. Shafeghat M47
  543. Shah PA571
  544. Shahabi S27, 31
  545. Shahbandi A57
  546. Shahrakisanavi F535
  547. Shaikh MA582
  548. Shaker E54, 458
  549. Shamsbeyranvand M531
  550. Shanawaz M539
  551. Shannawaz M67
  552. Sharew MMS658
  553. Sharma N258
  554. Shashamo BB152
  555. Shayan M42, 44, 45, 56
  556. Sheikhi RA56
  557. Shen J52
  558. Suresh Kumar Shetty B655, 677
  559. Shetty PH92, 679
  560. Shin JI55
  561. Shitaye NA192
  562. Shivakumar KM551
  563. Shobeiri P55
  564. Shorofi SA200
  565. Shrestha S70
  566. Siabani S129
  567. Sidemo NB122
  568. Simegn W320
  569. Sinaei E30, 256
  570. Singh P244
  571. Sinto R247
  572. Siraj MS484
  573. Skryabin VY448
  574. Skryabina AA70, 73
  575. Sleet DA74, 75
  576. Chandan SN80
  577. Socea B196
  578. Solmi M349
  579. Solomon Y70
  580. Song Y17, 20, 21
  581. Sousa RARC70
  582. Soyiri IN70
  583. Stokes MA496
  584. Suleman M71
  585. Abdulkader RS71
  586. Sun J130
  587. Tabarasseisdedos R371
  588. Tabatabaei SM23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30
  589. Tabish M40
  590. Taheri E85, 89
  591. Soodejani MT224, 238
  592. Tampa M15
  593. Tan K48
  594. Tarigan IU76
  595. Tariqujjaman M485
  596. Tat NY71, 78
  597. Tat VY78
  598. Tavakoli A71
  599. Tefera BN80
  600. Tefera YM336
  601. Temesgen G76
  602. Temsah MH176
  603. Thangaraju P21
  604. Thapar R4, 678
  605. Thomas NK22
  606. Ticoalu JHV115
  607. Tincho MB23
  608. Tiyuri A5
  609. Togtmol M72, 75
  610. Tovanipalone MR72, 78
  611. Tran MTN72
  612. Ullah S31
  613. Ullah S31
  614. Ullah I262
  615. Umakanthan S33
  616. Unnikrishnan B254, 679
  617. Upadhyay E55
  618. Tahbaz SV34
  619. Valdez PR280
  620. Vasankari TJ73
  621. Vaziri S60
  622. Veroux M39
  623. Vervoort D74
  624. Violante FS74
  625. Vlassov V5
  626. Vu LG325
  627. Waheed Y42
  628. Wang Y43
  629. Wang YP9
  630. Wang C248
  631. Wiangkham T34
  632. Wickramasinghe ND45
  633. Woday AT46
  634. Wu AM47
  635. Yahya GAT60
  636. Jabbari SHY34
  637. Yang L48, 49
  638. Yaya S350
  639. Yigit A70
  640. Yigit V50
  641. Yisihak E76
  642. Yonemoto N71
  643. You Y498
  644. Younis MZ169
  645. Yu C53
  646. Yunusa I55
  647. Yusefi H56
  648. Zahir M35, 56
  649. Zaman SB379
  650. Zare I57
  651. Zarea K267
  652. Zastrozhin MS75, 76
  653. Zhang ZJ60
  654. Zhang Y61
  655. Ziapour A81
  656. Zodpey S62
  657. Zoladl M81
  658. Patton GC21, 22, 675
  659. Ivers RQ1
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  2. 2. Population Health Department, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  3. 3. School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  4. 4. The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  5. 5. Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  6. 6. School of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, NSW, Australia
  7. 7. Global Women's Health Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, NSW, Australia
  8. 8. Injury Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, NSW, Australia
  9. 9. Department of Injury, The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, NSW, Australia
  10. 10. Centre for Adolescent Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  11. 11. Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  12. 12. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, London, United Kingdom
  13. 13. Who Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, London, United Kingdom
  14. 14. Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  15. 15. The George Institute for Global Health, London, United Kingdom
  16. 16. National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
  17. 17. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
  18. 18. Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
  19. 19. Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Beijing, China
  20. 20. Peking University, Beijing, China
  21. 21. Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  22. 22. University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
  23. 23. Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
  24. 24. Faculty of Medicine, University Farhat Abbas, Setif, Algeria
  25. 25. E-Learning Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
  26. 26. Department of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
  27. 27. Department of Medical Informatics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  28. 28. Clinial Research Development Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  29. 29. Health Policy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai City, China
  30. 30. Health Information Management Deparatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai City, China
  31. 31. Department of Epidemiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai City, China
  32. 32. Department of Physical Therapy, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
  33. 33. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  34. 34. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonanad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
  35. 35. Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Tehran, Iran
  36. 36. Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
  37. 37. Cancer Research Center, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
  38. 38. Department of Pharmacology, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
  39. 39. Obesity Research Center, Tehran, Iran
  40. 40. Department of Neurosurgery, Tehran, Iran
  41. 41. Research Committee, Tehran, Iran
  42. 42. Ophthalmic Research Center (ORC), Tehran, Iran
  43. 43. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  44. 44. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
  45. 45. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
  46. 46. Experimental Medicine Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
  47. 47. Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
  48. 48. Sports Medicine Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
  49. 49. Children's Medical Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
  50. 50. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
  51. 51. Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
  52. 52. Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
  53. 53. Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
  54. 54. Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Tehran, Iran
  55. 55. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran, Iran
  56. 56. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  57. 57. Department of Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria
  58. 58. Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
  59. 59. Department of Medicine, University of Setif Algeria, Setif, Algeria
  60. 60. Evidence-Based Practice Center, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
  61. 61. Department of Radiology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
  62. 62. Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, MN, United States
  63. 63. Community and Maternity Nursing Unit, Duhok, Iraq
  64. 64. Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Duhok, Iraq
  65. 65. Dental Basic Sciences Department, Duhok, Iraq
  66. 66. University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
  67. 67. Department of Medical Anatomy, University of South Africa, Tswane, South Africa
  68. 68. Department of Clinical Anatomy, University of South Africa, Tswane, South Africa
  69. 69. Biomedical Sciences Department, University of South Africa, Tswane, South Africa
  70. 70. Department of Maternal and Reproductive Health, University of South Africa, Tswane, South Africa
  71. 71. Department of Anatomy, University of South Africa, Tswane, South Africa
  72. 72. Department of Comprehensive Nursing, University of South Africa, Tswane, South Africa
  73. 73. Department of Public Health, University of South Africa, Tswane, South Africa
  74. 74. Department of Midwifery, Arba Minch College of Health Science, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
  75. 75. Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
  76. 76. Pediatrics Nursing Department, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
  77. 77. Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
  78. 78. Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  79. 79. Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  80. 80. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  81. 81. Laboratory Technology Sciences Department, Yasuj, Iran
  82. 82. Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
  83. 83. Department of Family and Community Health, Hohoe, Ghana
  84. 84. University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
  85. 85. University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  86. 86. Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
  87. 87. Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
  88. 88. Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  89. 89. University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  90. 90. Department of Physiotherapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
  91. 91. College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
  92. 92. Department of Family and Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Ajman University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  93. 93. Mass Communication Department, Ajman University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  94. 94. Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  95. 95. University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  96. 96. Depatment of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
  97. 97. Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
  98. 98. Department of Clinical and Psychosocial Epidemiology, Groningen, Netherlands
  99. 99. University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
  100. 100. Quality and Systems Performance Unit, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  101. 101. Cancer Institute Nsw, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  102. 102. Planning Programming and Linkages, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
  103. 103. National Centre for Technology Management, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
  104. 104. Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
  105. 105. Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
  106. 106. Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Tempe, AZ, United States
  107. 107. Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
  108. 108. Department of Neonatology, Indiana University Health Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, IN, United States
  109. 109. Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
  110. 110. Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
  111. 111. Department of Community Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
  112. 112. Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia
  113. 113. Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia
  114. 114. Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  115. 115. King Edward Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
  116. 116. Public Health Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
  117. 117. Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
  118. 118. School of Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
  119. 119. Medical Imaging Sciences Research Team, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
  120. 120. Road Traffic Injury Research Center, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
  121. 121. Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
  122. 122. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
  123. 123. School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
  124. 124. School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  125. 125. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  126. 126. The Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research (ACPPHR), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  127. 127. School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  128. 128. School of Computing Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  129. 129. College of Nursing, Ranya, Al Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
  130. 130. International Relations & Diplomacy, Ranya, Al Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
  131. 131. Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
  132. 132. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
  133. 133. Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
  134. 134. Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  135. 135. Department of Biosciences, Comsats Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
  136. 136. Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
  137. 137. Australian Center for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  138. 138. School of Pharmacy, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
  139. 139. Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
  140. 140. Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Pakistan, Dir Upper, Pakistan
  141. 141. Quaid i Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
  142. 142. Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
  143. 143. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
  144. 144. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Iraq
  145. 145. Department of Orthopedics, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, India
  146. 146. Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia
  147. 147. International Federation of Inventors' Associations, Geneva, Switzerland
  148. 148. Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  149. 149. Environmental Health Department, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  150. 150. Forensic Medicine Division, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  151. 151. Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  152. 152. Harar Health Science College, Harar, Ethiopia
  153. 153. Rift Valley University, Harar, Ethiopia
  154. 154. Geriatric and Long Term Care Department, Doha, Qatar
  155. 155. Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
  156. 156. Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
  157. 157. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
  158. 158. National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
  159. 159. Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  160. 160. Department of Health Economics, Syreon Research Romania, Targu Mures, Romania
  161. 161. Hospital Management Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  162. 162. Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  163. 163. Health Services Management, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  164. 164. Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  165. 165. Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  166. 166. Department of Health Services Management, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  167. 167. Department of Health Policy and Management, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
  168. 168. Kuwait University, Kuwait
  169. 169. International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
  170. 170. Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  171. 171. Doheny Image Reading and Research Lab (DIRRL), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  172. 172. Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  173. 173. Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  174. 174. Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  175. 175. Department of Economic Sciences, Universidad de la Costa, University of the Coast, Barranquilla, Colombia
  176. 176. National Health Observatory, National Institute of Health, Bogota, Colombia
  177. 177. Public Heath Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  178. 178. Neurophysiology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  179. 179. Neurology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  180. 180. Department of Health Service Management, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Tabriz, Iran
  181. 181. Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  182. 182. Department of Environmental Health, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
  183. 183. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  184. 184. Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  185. 185. Department of Health Promotion, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ, United States
  186. 186. Department of Biomedical Science, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ, United States
  187. 187. School of Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ, United States
  188. 188. Department Health Informatics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  189. 189. College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  190. 190. Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
  191. 191. Cardiology Department, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
  192. 192. Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
  193. 193. Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
  194. 194. Department of Dermatology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
  195. 195. Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
  196. 196. Department of Parasitology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  197. 197. Department Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  198. 198. Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
  199. 199. Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  200. 200. School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
  201. 201. Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
  202. 202. National Data Management Center for Health (NDMC), Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  203. 203. Knowledge Translation Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  204. 204. Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
  205. 205. Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
  206. 206. National Agency for Strategic Research in Medical Education (NASRME), Tehran, Iran
  207. 207. Development of Research and Technology Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
  208. 208. University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  209. 209. Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  210. 210. University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  211. 211. Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  212. 212. Department of Forensic Medicine, Lumbini Medical College, Palpa, Nepal
  213. 213. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India
  214. 214. Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
  215. 215. Northumbria HealthCare Nhs Foundation Trust, National Health Service (NHS) Scotland, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
  216. 216. Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  217. 217. Health Information Technology, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  218. 218. October 6 University, 6th October City, Egypt
  219. 219. Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, India
  220. 220. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
  221. 221. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  222. 222. Health Services Management, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  223. 223. Unit of Biochemistry, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
  224. 224. Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
  225. 225. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Mangalore, India
  226. 226. Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India
  227. 227. Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, India
  228. 228. Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  229. 229. Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
  230. 230. Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
  231. 231. Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  232. 232. Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
  233. 233. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
  234. 234. Department of Molecular Microbiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  235. 235. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  236. 236. Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
  237. 237. Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
  238. 238. Department of Public & Environmental Health, University of the Gambia, Brikama, Gambia
  239. 239. Epidemiology and Disease Control Unit, Ministry of Health, Kotu, Gambia
  240. 240. Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  241. 241. Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  242. 242. Academics Department, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gurgaon, India
  243. 243. Department of Industrial Engineering, Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
  244. 244. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia
  245. 245. Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
  246. 246. University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  247. 247. Department of Forensic Chemistry, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Aurangabad, India
  248. 248. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralova, Czech Republic
  249. 249. Institute of Public Health, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Charite Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
  250. 250. Family Medicine Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
  251. 251. Neurovascular Imaging Laboratory, Nsw Brain Clot Bank, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  252. 252. Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, South West Sydney Local Heath District and Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  253. 253. Department of General Medicine, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
  254. 254. Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
  255. 255. Department of Statistics, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq
  256. 256. University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
  257. 257. Centre for Global Child Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  258. 258. Centre of Excellence in Women & Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
  259. 259. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
  260. 260. Department of Health Behaviour, Environment and Social Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Gadjah Mada University, Sleman, Indonesia
  261. 261. Center of Health and Behavior and Promotion, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Gadjah Mada University, Sleman, Indonesia
  262. 262. Department of Orthodontics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  263. 263. Department of Microbiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  264. 264. Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  265. 265. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Saadna Abdenour, Setif, Algeria
  266. 266. University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
  267. 267. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
  268. 268. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  269. 269. Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  270. 270. Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  271. 271. Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  272. 272. Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  273. 273. Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  274. 274. Department of Dental Public Health, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  275. 275. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
  276. 276. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  277. 277. Board of Directors, Argentine Society of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  278. 278. National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
  279. 279. University of the Valley of Cuernavaca, Cuernavaca, Mexico
  280. 280. Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
  281. 281. Impact Strategic Research Center, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Geelong, VIC, Australia
  282. 282. School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
  283. 283. Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
  284. 284. Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  285. 285. Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  286. 286. Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  287. 287. School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  288. 288. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  289. 289. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
  290. 290. National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
  291. 291. National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
  292. 292. Public Health Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  293. 293. Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi, India
  294. 294. Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
  295. 295. Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
  296. 296. Iraq Field Epidemiology Training Program (I-FETP), Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq
  297. 297. Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
  298. 298. Chitkara University, Rajpura, India
  299. 299. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India
  300. 300. Health Sciences Department, Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU, Famalicao, Portugal
  301. 301. School of Public Health, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Thailand
  302. 302. Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
  303. 303. Irccs Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute Irccs, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
  304. 304. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
  305. 305. Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
  306. 306. Department of Biochemistry, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Delhi, India
  307. 307. 2nd University Ophthalmology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
  308. 308. Ophthalmology Department, Ministry of Health & Population, Aswan, Egypt
  309. 309. University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
  310. 310. Salale University, Fiche, Ethiopia
  311. 311. College of Health Sciences, Bahrain
  312. 312. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  313. 313. Department of Neurosurgery, National Health Service (NHS) Scotland, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  314. 314. Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University, Robe, Ethiopia
  315. 315. Department of Surgical Nursing, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  316. 316. Department of Human Physiology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  317. 317. Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  318. 318. Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
  319. 319. Department of Health Policy and Oral Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  320. 320. Center of Complexity Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
  321. 321. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan Rosales, Mexico
  322. 322. Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
  323. 323. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
  324. 324. Center of Excellence in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
  325. 325. Geospatial Health and Development, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
  326. 326. Department of Zoology, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoum, Sudan
  327. 327. Microbiology Department, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
  328. 328. Department of Zoology and Entomology, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
  329. 329. Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
  330. 330. Department of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
  331. 331. Deppartment of Health Informatics, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
  332. 332. Department of Environmental Health Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
  333. 333. Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
  334. 334. Department of International Cyber Education, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  335. 335. Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
  336. 336. Population and Behavioural Sciences Division, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
  337. 337. Department of Biology, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
  338. 338. Food Technology Department, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
  339. 339. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
  340. 340. Department of Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  341. 341. Department of Psychology, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, Brazil
  342. 342. Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
  343. 343. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
  344. 344. Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
  345. 345. Division of Neurology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
  346. 346. Department of Neurosciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
  347. 347. School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
  348. 348. Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
  349. 349. Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
  350. 350. Psychiatry Department, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, CA, United States
  351. 351. Department of Medical Parasitology, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
  352. 352. Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
  353. 353. Child Survival Unit, Centre for African Newborn Health and Nutrition, Ibadan, Nigeria
  354. 354. Health Services Management Training Centre, Hungary
  355. 355. Faculty of Health and Public Administration, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
  356. 356. Department of Applied Social Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Targu-Mures, Romania
  357. 357. Community Medicine Department, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
  358. 358. Department of Surgical Technology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
  359. 359. Neurorehabilitation and Robotics Laboratory, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  360. 360. Department of Occupational Therapy, Mahatma Gandhi Occupational Therapy College, Jaipur, India
  361. 361. Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  362. 362. Health Services Management Department, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  363. 363. Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  364. 364. Afro-Asian Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
  365. 365. Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  366. 366. Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
  367. 367. Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
  368. 368. Carlos Iii Health Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM, Madrid, Spain
  369. 369. Nihr Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
  370. 370. Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
  371. 371. Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India
  372. 372. Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
  373. 373. Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
  374. 374. Department of Community Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka
  375. 375. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  376. 376. The School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  377. 377. Toxicology Department, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi, Delhi, India
  378. 378. Department of Public Health, Torrens University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  379. 379. Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  380. 380. College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
  381. 381. Universitas Airlangga, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
  382. 382. Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
  383. 383. Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
  384. 384. Department of Public Health, German University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  385. 385. Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  386. 386. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  387. 387. Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  388. 388. Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  389. 389. Independent Consultant, Tabriz, Iran
  390. 390. Skaane University Hospital, Skaane County Council, Malmoe, Sweden
  391. 391. School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
  392. 392. Division for Health Service Promotion, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  393. 393. Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
  394. 394. National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
  395. 395. Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  396. 396. Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  397. 397. Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  398. 398. Clinical Legal Medicine Department, National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici, Bucharest, Romania
  399. 399. Outpatient Rehabilitation, Southcoast Health: Tobey Hospital, Wareham, MA, United States
  400. 400. Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  401. 401. Czech National Centre for Evidence-based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  402. 402. School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  403. 403. Department of Epidemiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
  404. 404. Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
  405. 405. Division of Community Health and Family Medicine, Bangalore Baptist Hospital, Bangalore, India
  406. 406. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
  407. 407. Department of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
  408. 408. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  409. 409. Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  410. 410. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Mahsa University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Malaysia
  411. 411. Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dr. D. Y. Patil University, Pune, India
  412. 412. Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain
  413. 413. Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
  414. 414. Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
  415. 415. Institute of Comparative Economic Studies, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan
  416. 416. Health Informatic Lab, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
  417. 417. Centre of Studies and Research, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
  418. 418. Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
  419. 419. Department of Surgery, National Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka
  420. 420. Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
  421. 421. Center for Global Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
  422. 422. Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
  423. 423. Department of Anesthesiology, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
  424. 424. Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College & Hospital, Delhi, India
  425. 425. Department of Community Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
  426. 426. Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland
  427. 427. Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
  428. 428. Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
  429. 429. Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
  430. 430. Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Forensic Odontology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to Be University, Karad, India
  431. 431. Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
  432. 432. Sydney Eye Hospital, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  433. 433. Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
  434. 434. Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, Global Smile Foundation, Norwood, MA, United States
  435. 435. Healthcare Network, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Farashband, Iran
  436. 436. School of Health Professions and Human Services, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, United States
  437. 437. Centre for Tropical Diseases and Global Health, Catholic University of Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic Congo
  438. 438. Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
  439. 439. Surgery Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
  440. 440. International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
  441. 441. Department of Healthcare Services Management, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  442. 442. School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  443. 443. Vocational Higher School of Healthcare Studies, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
  444. 444. Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
  445. 445. Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India
  446. 446. Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
  447. 447. Department of Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
  448. 448. Department of Population Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  449. 449. Epidemiology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
  450. 450. Health Education and Promotion, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
  451. 451. Clinical Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
  452. 452. Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
  453. 453. Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
  454. 454. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
  455. 455. Primary Care Department, Nhs North West London, London, United Kingdom
  456. 456. Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
  457. 457. Department of Public Health, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
  458. 458. Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
  459. 459. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
  460. 460. Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
  461. 461. School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
  462. 462. Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
  463. 463. Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
  464. 464. Kasturba Medical College, Udupi, India
  465. 465. Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
  466. 466. Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
  467. 467. Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
  468. 468. Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
  469. 469. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
  470. 470. Department of Orthopaedics, Medanta Hospital, Lucknow, India
  471. 471. Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  472. 472. Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
  473. 473. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
  474. 474. Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
  475. 475. Neves Society for Patient Safety, Budapest, Hungary
  476. 476. Unit of Genetics and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
  477. 477. Unit of Microbiology and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
  478. 478. Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama
  479. 479. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India
  480. 480. International Society Doctors for the Environment, Arezzo, Italy
  481. 481. Graduate School of Public Health, Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea
  482. 482. Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
  483. 483. The Office of Health Policy & Legislative Affairs, University of Texas, Galveston, TX, United States
  484. 484. Department of Pathology, University of Texas, Galveston, TX, United States
  485. 485. Department of Doctoral Studies, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Tirgu Mures, Romania
  486. 486. Department of Public Health, Rift Valley University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  487. 487. Instituto de Investigacao e Formacao Avancada em Ciencias e Tecnologias da Saude, Institute for Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Gandra, Portugal
  488. 488. Instituto Universitario de Ciencias da Saude, University Institute of Health Sciences, Gandra, Portugal
  489. 489. Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  490. 490. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  491. 491. Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
  492. 492. Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  493. 493. Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  494. 494. Department of Infectious Disease, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  495. 495. Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India
  496. 496. Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
  497. 497. Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
  498. 498. Tehran Heart Center, Tehran, Iran
  499. 499. School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran
  500. 500. Civil Engineering Faculty, University of Colima, Coquimatlan City, Mexico
  501. 501. University Research Institute, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
  502. 502. Neurology Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
  503. 503. Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
  504. 504. University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia
  505. 505. Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Calverton, MD, United States
  506. 506. Internal Medicine Programme, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
  507. 507. Department of Atherosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Disease, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
  508. 508. Department of Hospital Administration, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India
  509. 509. Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India
  510. 510. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Dr. B. C. Roy Multi-Specialty Medical Research Centre, Iit Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
  511. 511. Department of International Studies, Tehran, Iran
  512. 512. NonCommunicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran
  513. 513. Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  514. 514. Department of Health Care Management, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
  515. 515. Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
  516. 516. Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
  517. 517. Department of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
  518. 518. Department of Public Health, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
  519. 519. Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
  520. 520. School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
  521. 521. Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  522. 522. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  523. 523. Health and Physical Education, Rhode Island College, Providence, RI, United States
  524. 524. Department of Surgery, General University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
  525. 525. Department of Pediatric Medicine, The Children's Hospital & the Institute of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan
  526. 526. Department of Pediatrics & Pediatric Pulmonology, Institute of Mother & Child Care, Multan, Pakistan
  527. 527. Research and Analytics Department, Initiative for Financing Health and Human Development, Chennai, India
  528. 528. Department of Research and Analytics, Bioinsilico Technologies, Chennai, India
  529. 529. Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
  530. 530. Experimental Surgery and Oncology Laboratory, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russian Federation
  531. 531. Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India
  532. 532. Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu University, Palpa, Nepal
  533. 533. Estia Health Blakehurst, Estia Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  534. 534. Center of Excellence in Reproductive Health Innovation (CERHI), University of Benin, Edo, Nigeria
  535. 535. Department of Physiology, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Nigeria
  536. 536. Advisory Board, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  537. 537. Discipline of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban, South Africa
  538. 538. Department of Management Science and Technology, Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
  539. 539. Department of Community Health and Primary Care, University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Nigeria
  540. 540. School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
  541. 541. Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
  542. 542. Department of Project Management, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
  543. 543. Department of Health Care Administration and Economics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
  544. 544. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Academy of Health Education and Research, Mysore, India
  545. 545. National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos Iii, Madrid, Spain
  546. 546. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India
  547. 547. Privatpraxis, Heidelberg, Germany
  548. 548. Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  549. 549. Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, South Korea
  550. 550. Department of Poverty, Gender and Youth, Population Council, New Delhi, India
  551. 551. Research Consultancy, Author Gate Publications, Malegaon, India
  552. 552. Skills Innovation and Academic Network (SIAN) Institute, Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research (ABC), Odisha, India
  553. 553. Research Section, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
  554. 554. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
  555. 555. Clinical Research Department, Irccs Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
  556. 556. International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP), Albert Einstein Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  557. 557. Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
  558. 558. Basic Medical Sciences Department, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
  559. 559. Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
  560. 560. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
  561. 561. Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
  562. 562. School of Nursing and Healthcare Professions, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia
  563. 563. School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  564. 564. Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
  565. 565. Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan
  566. 566. Alice Lee Centre of Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  567. 567. Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  568. 568. Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
  569. 569. Research and Innovation Division, South Asian Institute for Social Transformation (SAIST), Dhaka, Bangladesh
  570. 570. Department of Oral Pathology, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shivamogga, India
  571. 571. Department of Geography, Soran University, Soran, Iraq
  572. 572. Academic Public Health England, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
  573. 573. University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
  574. 574. School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Cq University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  575. 575. Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
  576. 576. Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
  577. 577. Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
  578. 578. Department of Clinical Research, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
  579. 579. Faculty of Medicine, Quest International University Perak, Ipoh, Malaysia
  580. 580. Cardiovascular Department, Zagazig University- Egypt, Zagazig, Egypt
  581. 581. Health Information Management, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
  582. 582. Independent Consultant, Gdansk, Poland
  583. 583. Research and Development, Islamabad Diagnostic Center Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
  584. 584. Biological Production Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
  585. 585. Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, Comsats Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
  586. 586. Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
  587. 587. Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
  588. 588. Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
  589. 589. Research Development Coordination Section, Pakistan Health Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
  590. 590. Department of Public Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
  591. 591. Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
  592. 592. Ugc Centre of Advanced Study in Psychology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India
  593. 593. Udyam-Global Association for Sustainable Development, Bhubaneswar, India
  594. 594. Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
  595. 595. Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Ararangua, Brazil
  596. 596. Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
  597. 597. Department of Governance and Innovation, University of Groningen, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
  598. 598. Department of Social Welfare, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  599. 599. Emergency Department, Manian Medical Centre, Erode, India
  600. 600. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
  601. 601. Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
  602. 602. Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India
  603. 603. Department of Hepato Pancreato Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplant, Health Care Global Limited Cancer Care Hospital, Bangalore, India
  604. 604. Independent Consultant, Karachi, Pakistan
  605. 605. Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India
  606. 606. Department of Public Health, Indian Institute of Health Management Research University, Jaipur, India
  607. 607. Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  608. 608. Psychology Department, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Boston, MA, United States
  609. 609. College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
  610. 610. Public Health Dentistry Department, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to Be University, Karad, India
  611. 611. Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  612. 612. School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
  613. 613. Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia
  614. 614. Department No.16, Moscow Research and Practical Centre on Addictions, Moscow, Russian Federation
  615. 615. Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
  616. 616. The Bizzell Group, Atlanta, GA, United States
  617. 617. Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
  618. 618. Department of Surgery, Sf. Pantelimon Emergency Clinical Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
  619. 619. Department of Nursing, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
  620. 620. Directive Board, Association of Licensed Optometry Professionals, Linda-a-Velha, Portugal
  621. 621. Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull City, United Kingdom
  622. 622. Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Mingora, Pakistan
  623. 623. School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
  624. 624. National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
  625. 625. School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
  626. 626. Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
  627. 627. Department of Dermato-Venereology, Dr. Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
  628. 628. Research and Development Center for Humanities and Health Management, National Institute of Health Research & Development, Jakarta, Indonesia
  629. 629. Department of Economics, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
  630. 630. Research and Innovation, Enventure Medical Innovation, Houston, TX, United States
  631. 631. Engineering Systems and Environment, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
  632. 632. Department of Public Health, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
  633. 633. Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India
  634. 634. Department of Gastroenterology, Psg Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India
  635. 635. Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
  636. 636. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
  637. 637. General Department of Surgery, National Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  638. 638. Mongolian Burns Association, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  639. 639. Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
  640. 640. Modestum LTD., London, United Kingdom
  641. 641. School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
  642. 642. Health Informatic Department, Hanoi Medical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
  643. 643. Department of Zoology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
  644. 644. Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
  645. 645. Department of Paraclinical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
  646. 646. Clinical Cancer Research Center, Milad General Hospital, Tehran, Iran
  647. 647. Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  648. 648. Velez Sarsfield Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  649. 649. Ukk Institute, Tampere, Finland
  650. 650. Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
  651. 651. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
  652. 652. Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  653. 653. Occupational Health Unit, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
  654. 654. Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
  655. 655. School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  656. 656. Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
  657. 657. Department of Community Medicine, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
  658. 658. Department of Public Health, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia
  659. 659. Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
  660. 660. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
  661. 661. Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
  662. 662. Department of Health Management, Suleyman Demirel Universitesi, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
  663. 663. Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
  664. 664. Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
  665. 665. Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia
  666. 666. School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
  667. 667. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
  668. 668. Department of Internal Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  669. 669. Research and Development Department, Shiraz, Iran
  670. 670. Sina Medical Biochemistry Technologies, Shiraz, Iran
  671. 671. Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
  672. 672. Addictology Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
  673. 673. Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
  674. 674. Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
  675. 675. Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  676. 676. Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
  677. 677. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
  678. 678. Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
  679. 679. Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India

Source: The Lancet Public Health Published:2022


Abstract

Background: Globally, transport and unintentional injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for adolescents. We sought to report comprehensive trends in injury-related mortality and morbidity for adolescents aged 10–24 years during the past three decades. Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2019 Study, we analysed mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributed to transport and unintentional injuries for adolescents in 204 countries. Burden is reported in absolute numbers and age-standardised rates per 100 000 population by sex, age group (10–14, 15–19, and 20–24 years), and sociodemographic index (SDI) with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We report percentage changes in deaths and DALYs between 1990 and 2019. Findings: In 2019, 369 061 deaths (of which 214 337 [58%] were transport related) and 31·1 million DALYs (of which 16·2 million [52%] were transport related) among adolescents aged 10–24 years were caused by transport and unintentional injuries combined. If compared with other causes, transport and unintentional injuries combined accounted for 25% of deaths and 14% of DALYs in 2019, and showed little improvement from 1990 when such injuries accounted for 26% of adolescent deaths and 17% of adolescent DALYs. Throughout adolescence, transport and unintentional injury fatality rates increased by age group. The unintentional injury burden was higher among males than females for all injury types, except for injuries related to fire, heat, and hot substances, or to adverse effects of medical treatment. From 1990 to 2019, global mortality rates declined by 34·4% (from 17·5 to 11·5 per 100 000) for transport injuries, and by 47·7% (from 15·9 to 8·3 per 100 000) for unintentional injuries. However, in low-SDI nations the absolute number of deaths increased (by 80·5% to 42 774 for transport injuries and by 39·4% to 31 961 for unintentional injuries). In the high-SDI quintile in 2010–19, the rate per 100 000 of transport injury DALYs was reduced by 16·7%, from 838 in 2010 to 699 in 2019. This was a substantially slower pace of reduction compared with the 48·5% reduction between 1990 and 2010, from 1626 per 100 000 in 1990 to 838 per 100 000 in 2010. Between 2010 and 2019, the rate of unintentional injury DALYs per 100 000 also remained largely unchanged in high-SDI countries (555 in 2010 vs 554 in 2019; 0·2% reduction). The number and rate of adolescent deaths and DALYs owing to environmental heat and cold exposure increased for the high-SDI quintile during 2010–19. Interpretation: As other causes of mortality are addressed, inadequate progress in reducing transport and unintentional injury mortality as a proportion of adolescent deaths becomes apparent. The relative shift in the burden of injury from high-SDI countries to low and low–middle-SDI countries necessitates focused action, including global donor, government, and industry investment in injury prevention. The persisting burden of DALYs related to transport and unintentional injuries indicates a need to prioritise innovative measures for the primary prevention of adolescent injury. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license
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