Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Science Communicator Platform

Stay connected! Follow us on X network (Twitter):
Share this content! On (X network) By
Association Between Dietary Glycemic Index and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Publisher



Salavatizadeh M1, 2 ; Soltanieh S1, 2 ; Ataei Kachouei A3 ; Abdollahi Fallahi Z4 ; Kordvarkaneh H5 ; Poustchi H6 ; Mansour A7 ; Khamseh ME2 ; Alaeishahmiri F2 ; Santos HO8 ; Hekmatdoost A1
Authors
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Medicine, Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  6. 6. Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Minas Gerais, Uberlandia, Brazil

Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology Published:2023


Abstract

Objective: Managing dietary glycemic index (GI) deserves further attention in the interplay between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between dietary GI and the odds of NAFLD in patients with T2DM. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between April 2021 and February 2022, including 200 participants with T2DM aged 18-70 years, of which 133 had NAFLD and 67 were in the non-NAFLD group. Cardiometabolic parameters were analyzed using standard biochemical kits and dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was applied to explore odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for NAFLD according to tertiles of dietary GI. Results: Highest vs. lowest tertile (< 57 vs. > 60.89) of energy-adjusted GI was not associated with the odds of having NAFLD (OR 1.25, 95% CI = 0.6-2.57; P-trend = 0.54) in the crude model. However, there was an OR of 3.24 (95% CI = 1.03-10.15) accompanied by a significant trend (P-trend = 0.04) after full control for potential confounders (age, gender, smoking status, duration of diabetes, physical activity, waist circumference, HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol, dietary intake of total carbohydrates, simple carbohydrates, fat, and protein). Conclusion: High dietary GI is associated with increased odds of NAFLD in subjects with T2DM. However, interventional and longitudinal cohort studies are required to confirm these findings. Copyright © 2023 Salavatizadeh, Soltanieh, Ataei Kachouei, Abdollahi Fallahi, Kord-Varkaneh, Poustchi, Mansour, Khamseh, Alaei-Shahmiri, Santos and Hekmatdoost.
Related Docs
View other Related Docs
1. Carbohydrate Quality Index and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Iranian Adults, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2024)
2. Associations of the Glycaemic Index and the Glycaemic Load With Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in 127 594 People From 20 Countries (Pure): A Prospective Cohort Study, The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology (2024)
3. Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Mediate the Effect of Cartpt Rs2239670 Gene Polymorphism on Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Risk Factors Among Adults With Obesity, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2022)
4. The Association Between Dietary Glycemic Index and Load and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Study, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice (2020)
5. Dietary Glycemic Index and Insulin Index in Association With Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Adults, British Journal of Nutrition (2025)
6. The Association of Healthy Lifestyle Score and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, BMC Public Health (2023)
7. Association of Ultra-Processed Food Consumption With Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Patients With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Diabetes (2024)
8. Association Between Lifelines Diet Score With Odds of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Some Novel Anthropometric Indices Among Adults: A Case–Control Study, Frontiers in Nutrition (2024)
Experts (# of related papers)
View all Related Experts
Noushin Mohammadifard (53)
Nizal Sarrafzadegan (47)
Other Related Docs
9. Intake of Nutrients, Fiber, and Sugar in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Comparison to Healthy Individuals, International Journal of Preventive Medicine (2016)
10. Adherence to Low Carbohydrate Diets and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case Control Study, BMC Nutrition (2022)
11. Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Iranian Adults, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2023)
12. Pre-Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Nafld Patients: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis, Frontiers in Endocrinology (2025)
13. Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Common Psychological Disorders, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2016)
14. How Is Healthy Eating Index-2015 Related to Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Frontiers in Nutrition (2023)
15. Investigation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (2024)
16. Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Risk of Mortality From All Causes and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2019)
17. Dietary Patterns and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, BMC Gastroenterology (2021)
18. The Association Between Major Dietary Patterns With the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Parameters: A Case–Control Study, Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders (2022)
19. Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Adult Diabetes Risk: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis, Nutrients (2021)
20. Dietary Phytochemical Index and the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study Among Iranian Adults, Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2022)
21. The Effect of a Mediterranean Diet on Metabolic Parameters in Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN (2020)
22. Dietary Insulin Load and Index in Relation to Incident Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study, Scientific Reports (2024)
23. Dietary Quality Indices and Biochemical Parameters Among Patients With Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Nafld), Hepatitis Monthly (2013)
24. The Association of the Healthy Food Diversity Index With the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among the Adult Population, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN (2024)
25. Determination of Frequency of Diabetes and Pre-Diabetes in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Comparison With a Control Group, Journal of Isfahan Medical School (2016)
26. First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Review of Diabetic Studies (2007)
27. The Association of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load With Elevated Blood Pressure in Iranian Women, Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research (2019)
28. Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality, New England Journal of Medicine (2021)
29. Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load in Relation to Risk of Breast Cancer, Public Health Nutrition (2022)
30. Higher Dietary Glycemic Load Is Inversely Associated With Stress Prevalence Among Iranian Adults, BMC Neuroscience (2022)
31. Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load in Relation to General Obesity and Central Adiposity Among Adults, Clinical Nutrition (2019)
32. Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders: Results From the Sepahan Study, Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics (2017)
33. The Effect of Daily Consumption of Probiotic Yogurt on Liver Enzymes, Steatosis and Fibrosis in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Nafld): Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial, BMC Gastroenterology (2022)
34. Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load in Association With Sleep Duration: Yahs-Tamyz and Shahedieh Observational Studies, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN (2021)
35. The Impact of a Low Glycemic Index Diet on Inflammatory Markers and Serum Adiponectin Concentration in Adolescent Overweight and Obese Girls: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Hormone and Metabolic Research (2016)
36. Prevalence of Diabetic Neuropathy in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Nafld) Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Neurology Asia (2024)
37. The Product of Triglycerides and Glucose in Comparison With Fasting Plasma Glucose Did Not Improve Diabetes Prediction, Acta Diabetologica (2015)
38. Dietary Acid Load and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case–Control Study, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN (2022)
39. Association of Major Dietary Patterns With Advanced Glycation End Products and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in People With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition Journal (2023)
40. The Effect of Sesame Oil Consumption Compared to Sunflower Oil on Lipid Profile, Blood Pressure, and Anthropometric Indices in Women With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial, Trials (2022)
41. The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Resistance in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver, Journal of Isfahan Medical School (2015)
42. Dietary Intake of Linoleic Acid, Its Concentrations, and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematireview and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies, Diabetes Care (2021)
43. Association Between Type 2 Diabetes and Different Types of Dietary Fats: A Case-Control Study, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN (2023)
44. Association of Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load With Metabolic Syndrome in an Iranian Adult Population: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, Nutrition and Dietetics (2017)
45. Metabolic Syndrome and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Nutritional Approach for Prevention, Journal of Isfahan Medical School (2013)
46. The Association of Dietary Phytochemical Index and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Food Science and Nutrition (2023)
47. Dietary Calcium Intake in Relation to Type-2 Diabetes and Hyperglycemia in Adults: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies, Scientific Reports (2022)
48. The Relationship Between Low-Carbohydrate Diet Score, Dietary Insulin Index and Load With Obesity in Healthy Adults, Eating and Weight Disorders (2022)
49. Diet Macronutrients Composition in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review on the Related Documents, Hepatitis Monthly (2014)
50. Adherence to Lifelines Diet Score and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome Among Overweight and Obese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Frontiers in Nutrition (2022)