Global Burden of 87 Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Global Burden of 87 Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 Publisher Pubmed

Abbafati C^{1, 109, 244} ; Abbas KM^{2, 109, 244} ; Abbasikangevari M^{3, 109, 244} ; Abdallah F^{4, 109, 244} ; Abdelalim A^{4, 109, 244} ; Abdollahi M^{5, 6, 109, 244, 723} ; Abdollahpour I^{7, 109, 244} ; Abegaz KH^{8, 9, 109, 244} ; Abolhassani H^{10, 11, 109, 244} ; Aboyans V^{12, 13, 109, 244} ; Abreu LG^{14, 109, 244} ; Abrigo MRM^{15, 109, 244} ; Abualhasan A^{4, 109, 244} ; Aburaddad LJ^{16, 109, 244} Show All Authors

Abbafati C^{1, 109, 244}
Abbas KM^{2, 109, 244}
Abbasikangevari M^{3, 109, 244}
Abdallah F^{4, 109, 244}
Abdelalim A^{4, 109, 244}
Abdollahi M^{5, 6, 109, 244, 723}
Abdollahpour I^{7, 109, 244}
Abegaz KH^{8, 9, 109, 244}
Abolhassani H^{10, 11, 109, 244}
Aboyans V^{12, 13, 109, 244}
Abreu LG^{14, 109, 244}
Abrigo MRM^{15, 109, 244}
Abualhasan A^{4, 109, 244}
Aburaddad LJ^{16, 109, 244}
Abushouk AI^{17, 18, 109, 244}
Adabi M^{19, 109, 244}
Adekanmbi V^{20, 109, 244}
Adeoye AM^{21, 22, 109, 244}
Adetokunboh OO^{23, 24, 109, 244}
Adham D^{25, 109, 244}
Advani SM^{26, 27, 109, 244}
Afshin A^{28, 109, 244}
Agarwal G^{30, 109, 244}
Aghamir SMK^{31, 109, 244}
Agrawal A^{32, 33, 109, 244}
Ahmad T^{34, 109, 244}
Ahmadi K^{35, 109, 244}
Ahmadi M^{36, 37, 109, 244}
Ahmadieh H^{38, 39, 109, 244}
Ahmed MB^{40, 41, 109, 244}
Akalu TY^{42, 109, 244}
Akinyemi RO^{43, 44, 109, 244}
Akinyemiju T^{45, 46, 109, 244}
Akombi B^{47, 109, 244}
Akunna CJ^{48, 49, 109, 244}
Alahdab F^{50, 109, 244}
Alaly Z^{51, 52, 109, 244}
Alam K^{53, 109, 244}
Alam S^{54, 109, 244}
Alam T^{29, 109, 244}
Alanezi FM^{55, 109, 244}
Alanzi TM^{56, 109, 244}
Alemu BW^{57, 58, 109, 244}
Alhabib KF^{59, 109, 244}
Ali M^{60, 109, 244}
Ali S^{61, 109, 244}
Alicandro G^{62, 109, 244}
Alinia C^{63, 109, 244}
Alipour V^{64, 65, 109, 244}
Alizade H^{66, 109, 244}
Aljunid SM^{67, 68, 109, 244}
Alla F^{69, 109, 244}
Allebeck P^{70, 109, 244}
Almasihashiani A^{71, 109, 244}
Almekhlafi HM^{72, 73, 109, 244}
Alonso J^{74, 75, 109, 244}
Altirkawi KA^{76, 109, 244}
Aminirarani M^{77, 109, 244}
Amiri F^{78, 109, 244}
Amugsi DA^{79, 109, 244}
Ancuceanu R^{80, 109, 244}
Anderlini D^{81, 109, 244, 685}
Anderson JA^{29, 109, 244}
Andrei CL^{82, 109, 244}
Andrei T^{83, 109, 244}
Angus C^{84, 109, 244}
Anjomshoa M^{85, 109, 244}
Ansari F^{86, 87, 109, 244}
Ansarimoghaddam A^{88, 109, 244}
Antonazzo IC^{89, 109, 244}
Antonio CAT^{90, 91, 109, 244}
Antony CM^{29, 109, 244}
Antriyandarti E^{92, 109, 244}
Anvari D^{93, 94, 109, 244}
Anwer R^{95, 109, 244}
Appiah SCY^{96, 97, 109, 244}
Arabloo J^{65, 109, 244}
Arabzozani M^{98, 109, 244}
Aravkin AY^{29, 99, 109, 244}
Ariani F^{100, 109, 244}
Armoon B^{101, 102, 109, 244}
Arnlov J^{103, 104, 109, 244}
Arzani A^{105, 106, 109, 244}
Asadialiabadi M^{107, 109, 244}
Asadipooya AA^{108, 109, 244}
Ashbaugh C^{29, 109, 244}
Assmus M^{29, 109, 244}
Atafar Z^{109, 110, 244}
Atnafu DD^{109, 111, 244}
Atout MMW^{109, 112, 244}
Ausloos F^{109, 113, 244}
Ausloos M^{83, 109, 114, 244}
Ayala Quintanilla BP^{109, 115, 244}
Ayano G^{109, 116, 244}
Ayanore MA^{109, 117, 244}
Azari S^{65, 109, 244}
Azarian G^{109, 118, 244}
Azene ZN^{109, 119, 244}
Badawi A^{109, 120, 121, 244}
Badiye AD^{109, 122, 244}
Bahrami MA^{109, 123, 244}
Bakhshaei MH^{109, 124, 244}
Bakhtiari A^{109, 125, 244}
Bakkannavar SM^{109, 126, 244}
Baldasseroni A^{109, 127, 244}
Ball K^{109, 128, 244}
Ballew SH^{109, 129, 244}
Balzi D^{109, 130, 244}
Banach M^{109, 131, 132, 244}
Banerjee SK^{109, 133, 244}
Bante AB^{109, 134, 244}
Baraki AG^{42, 109, 244}
Barkercollo SL^{109, 135, 244}
Barnighausen TW^{109, 136, 137, 244}
Barrero LH^{109, 138, 244}
Barthelemy CM^{29, 109, 244}
Barua L^{109, 139, 244}
Basu S^{109, 140, 141, 244}
Baune BT^{109, 142, 143, 244}
Bayati M^{109, 144, 244}
Becker JS^{109, 145, 244, 801}
Bedi N^{109, 146, 147, 244}
Beghi E^{109, 148, 244}
Bejot Y^{109, 149, 150, 244}
Bell ML^{109, 151, 244}
Bennitt FB^{29, 109, 244}
Bensenor IM^{109, 152, 244}
Berhe K^{109, 153, 244}
Berman AE^{109, 154, 244}
Bhagavathula AS^{109, 155, 156, 244}
Bhageerathy R^{109, 157, 158, 244}
Bhala N^{109, 159, 160, 244}
Bhandari D^{109, 161, 162, 244}
Bhattacharyya K^{109, 163, 164, 244}
Bhutta ZA^{109, 165, 166, 244}
Bijani A^{109, 167, 244}
Bikbov B^{109, 168, 244}
Bin Sayeed MSB^{109, 169, 170, 244}
Biondi A^{109, 171, 244}
Birihane BM^{109, 172, 173, 244}
Bisignano C^{29, 109, 244}
Biswas RK^{109, 174, 244}
Bitew H^{109, 175, 244}
Bohlouli S^{109, 176, 244}
Bohluli M^{109, 177, 178, 244}
Boondooley AS^{29, 109, 244}
Borges G^{109, 179, 244}
Borzi AM^{109, 180, 244}
Borzouei S^{109, 181, 244}
Bosetti C^{109, 182, 244}
Boufous S^{109, 174, 244}
Braithwaite D^{109, 183, 244}
Brauer M^{109, 184, 244}
Breitborde NJK^{109, 185, 186, 244}
Breitner S^{109, 187, 188, 244}
Brenner H^{109, 189, 244}
Briant PS^{29, 109, 244}
Briko AN^{109, 190, 244}
Briko NI^{109, 191, 244}
Britton GB^{109, 192, 244}
Bryazka D^{29, 109, 244}
Bumgarner BR^{29, 109, 244}
Burkart K^{29, 109, 244}
Burnett RT^{109, 193, 244}
Burugina Nagaraja S^{109, 194, 244}
Butt ZA^{109, 195, 196, 244}
Caetano Dos Santos FL^{109, 197, 244}
Cahill LE^{109, 198, 244}
Camera LA^{109, 199, 244}
Camposnonato IR^{109, 200, 244}
Cardenas R^{109, 201, 244}
Carreras G^{109, 202, 244}
Carrero JJ^{109, 203, 244}
Carvalho F^{109, 204, 244}
Castaldellimaia JM^{109, 205, 244}
Castanedaorjuela CA^{109, 206, 207, 244}
Castelpietra G^{109, 208, 209, 244}
Castro F^{109, 210, 244}
Causey K^{29, 109, 244}
Cederroth CR^{109, 211, 212, 244}
Cercy KM^{29, 109, 244}
Cerin E^{109, 213, 244}
Chandan JS^{109, 160, 244}
Chang KL^{109, 214, 215, 244}
Charlson FJ^{109, 216, 244}
Chattu VK^{109, 217, 244}
Chaturvedi S^{109, 218, 244}
Cherbuin N^{109, 219, 244}
Chimedochir O^{109, 220, 244}
Cho DY^{109, 221, 244}
Choi JYJ^{109, 222, 244}
Christensen H^{109, 223, 244}
Chu DT^{109, 224, 244}
Chung MT^{109, 225, 244}
Chung SC^{109, 226, 227, 244}
Cicuttini FM^{109, 228, 244}
Ciobanu LG^{109, 229, 230, 244}
Cirillo M^{109, 231, 244}
Classen TKD^{109, 232, 233, 244}
Cohen AJ^{109, 234, 244}
Compton K^{29, 109, 244}
Cooper OR^{109, 214, 235, 244}
Costa VM^{109, 204, 244}
Cousin E^{109, 236, 244}
Cowden RG^{109, 237, 244}
Cross DH^{109, 238, 244}
Cruz JA^{29, 109, 244}
Dahlawi SMA^{109, 239, 244}
Damasceno AAM^{109, 240, 244}
Damiani G^{109, 241, 242, 244}
Dandona L^{28, 29, 109, 244, 510}
Dandona R^{29, 109, 244, 510}
Dangel WJ^{29, 109, 244}
Danielsson AK^{70, 109, 244}
Dargan PI^{44, 109, 243, 244}
Darwesh AM^{109, 244, 245}
Daryani A^{109, 244, 246}
Das JK^{109, 244, 247}
Das Gupta R^{109, 244, 248, 249}
Das Neves J^{109, 244, 250, 251}
Davilacervantes CA^{109, 244, 252}
Davitoiu DV^{109, 244, 253, 254}
De Leo D^{109, 244, 255}
Degenhardt L^{29, 109, 244, 256}
Delang M^{109, 145, 244, 801}
Dellavalle RP^{109, 244, 257, 258}
Demeke FM^{109, 244, 259}
Demoz GT^{109, 244, 260}
Demsie DG^{109, 244, 261}
Denovagutierrez E^{109, 244, 262}
Dervenis N^{109, 244, 263, 264}
Dhungana GP^{109, 244, 265}
Dianatinasab M^{109, 244, 266}
Dias Da Silva D^{109, 244, 267}
Diaz D^{109, 244, 268}
Dibaji Forooshani ZS^{109, 244, 269}
Djalalinia S^{109, 244, 270}
Do HT^{109, 244, 271}
Dokova K^{109, 244, 272}
Dorostkar F^{109, 244, 273}
Doshmangir L^{109, 244, 274}
Driscoll TR^{109, 244, 275}
Duncan BB^{109, 236, 244}
Duraes AR^{109, 244, 276, 277}
Eagan AW^{109, 244, 278, 279}
Edvardsson D^{109, 244, 280, 281}
El Nahas N^{109, 244, 282}
El Sayed I^{109, 244, 283}
El Tantawi M^{109, 244, 284}
Elbarazi I^{109, 244, 285}
Elgendy IY^{109, 244, 286}
Eljaafary SI^{4, 109, 244}
Elyazar IRF^{109, 244, 287}
Emmonsbell S^{29, 109, 244}
Erskine HE^{109, 244, 288, 289}
Eskandarieh S^{109, 244, 290}
Esmaeilnejad S^{109, 244, 291, 292}
Esteghamati A^{109, 244, 293}
Estep K^{29, 109, 244}
Etemadi A^{109, 244, 294}
Etisso AE^{109, 244, 295}
Fanzo J^{109, 244, 296}
Farahmand M^{109, 244, 297}
Fareed M^{109, 244, 298}
Faridnia R^{109, 244, 299}
Farioli A^{109, 244, 300}
Faro A^{109, 244, 301}
Faruque M^{109, 139, 244}
Farzadfar F^{109, 244, 302}
Fattahi N^{109, 244, 303}
Fazlzadeh M^{109, 244, 304, 305}
Feigin VL^{29, 109, 244, 306}
Feldman R^{29, 109, 244}
Fereshtehnejad SM^{109, 244, 307, 308}
Fernandes E^{109, 244, 309}
Ferrara G^{29, 109, 244}
Ferrari AJ^{29, 109, 244, 288}
Ferreira ML^{109, 244, 310}
Filip I^{109, 244, 311, 312}
Fischer F^{109, 244, 313}
Fisher JL^{109, 244, 314}
Flor LS^{109, 244, 315}
Foigt NA^{109, 244, 316}
Folayan MO^{109, 244, 317}
Fomenkov AA^{109, 244, 318}
Force LM^{109, 244, 319}
Foroutan M^{109, 244, 320}
Franklin RC^{109, 244, 321}
Freitas M^{109, 244, 309}
Fu W^{29, 109, 244}
Fukumoto T^{109, 244, 322}
Furtado JM^{109, 244, 323}
Gad MM^{109, 244, 324, 325}
Gakidou E^{28, 29, 109, 244}
Gallus S^{109, 244, 326}
Garciabasteiro AL^{109, 244, 327, 328}
Gardner WM^{29, 109, 244}
Geberemariyam BS^{109, 244, 329}
Ayalew Gebreslassie AAA^{109, 244, 330}
Geremew A^{109, 244, 331}
Gershberg Hayoon A^{29, 109, 244}
Gething PW^{109, 244, 332, 333}
Ghadimi M^{109, 244, 334}
Ghadiri K^{109, 244, 335, 336}
Ghaffarifar F^{109, 244, 337}
Ghafourifard M^{109, 244, 338}
Ghamari F^{109, 244, 339}
Ghashghaee A^{109, 244, 340}
Ghiasvand H^{109, 244, 341}
Ghith N^{109, 244, 342}
Gholamian A^{109, 244, 343, 344}
Ghosh R^{109, 244, 345}
Gill PS^{109, 244, 346}
Ginindza TG^{109, 244, 347, 348}
Giussani G^{109, 244, 349}
Gnedovskaya EV^{109, 244, 350}
Goharinezhad S^{107, 109, 244}
Gopalani SV^{109, 244, 351, 352}
Gorini G^{109, 244, 353}
Goudarzi H^{109, 244, 354, 355}
Goulart AC^{109, 244, 356}
Greaves F^{109, 244, 357, 358, 680}
Grivna M^{109, 244, 359, 360}
Grosso G^{109, 244, 361}
Gubari MIM^{109, 244, 362}
Gugnani HC^{109, 244, 363, 364}
Guimaraes RA^{109, 244, 365}
Guled RA^{109, 244, 366}
Guo G^{29, 109, 244}
Guo Y^{109, 244, 367, 368}
Gupta R^{109, 244, 369, 370, 371, 372}
Gupta T^{109, 244, 373}
Haddock B^{29, 109, 244}
Hafezinejad N^{109, 244, 334, 374}
Hafiz A^{109, 244, 375, 376}
Hajmirzaian A^{109, 244, 334}
Hajmirzaian A^{109, 244, 334}
Hall BJ^{109, 244, 379}
Halvaei I^{109, 244, 380}
Hamadeh RR^{109, 244, 381}
Hamidi S^{109, 244, 382}
Hammer MS^{109, 244, 383, 384}
Hankey GJ^{109, 244, 385, 386}
Haririan H^{109, 244, 387}
Haro JM^{109, 244, 388, 389}
Hasaballah AI^{109, 244, 390}
Hasan MM^{109, 244, 391, 392}
Hasanpoor E^{109, 244, 393}
Hashi A^{109, 244, 394}
Hassanipour S^{109, 244, 395, 396}
Hassankhani H^{109, 244, 397}
Havmoeller RJ^{109, 244, 398}
Hay SI^{28, 29, 109, 244}
Hayat K^{109, 244, 399, 400}
Heidari G^{109, 244, 401}
Heidarisoureshjani R^{109, 244, 402}
Henrikson HJ^{29, 109, 244}
Herbert ME^{29, 109, 244}
Herteliu C^{83, 109, 244, 403}
Heydarpour F^{109, 244, 404}
Hird TR^{109, 244, 405}
Hoek HW^{109, 244, 406, 407}
Holla R^{109, 244, 408}
Hoogar P^{109, 244, 409}
Hosgood HD^{109, 244, 410}
Hossain N^{109, 244, 411}
Hosseini M^{109, 244, 412, 413}
Hosseinzadeh M^{109, 244, 414, 415}
Hostiuc M^{109, 244, 416}
Hostiuc S^{109, 244, 417, 418}
Househ M^{109, 244, 419}
Hsairi M^{109, 244, 420}
Hsieh VCR^{109, 244, 421}
Hu G^{109, 244, 422}
Hu K^{109, 244, 423}
Huda TM^{109, 244, 275, 424}
Humayun A^{109, 244, 425}
Huynh CK^{29, 109, 244}
Hwang BF^{109, 244, 426}
Iannucci VC^{29, 109, 244}
Ibitoye SE^{109, 244, 427}
Ikeda N^{109, 244, 428}
Ikuta KS^{109, 244, 429}
Ilesanmi OS^{109, 244, 430, 431}
Ilic IM^{109, 244, 432}
Ilic MD^{109, 244, 433}
Inbaraj LR^{109, 244, 434}
Ippolito H^{29, 109, 244}
Iqbal U^{109, 244, 435}
Irvani SSN^{109, 244, 436}
Irvine CMS^{29, 109, 244}
Islam MM^{109, 244, 437}
Islam SMS^{109, 244, 438}
Iso H^{109, 244, 439}
Ivers RQ^{47, 109, 244}
Iwu CCD^{109, 244, 440}
Iwu CJ^{109, 244, 441}
Iyamu IO^{109, 244, 442}
Jaafari J^{109, 244, 443}
Jacobsen KH^{109, 244, 444}
Jafari H^{29, 109, 244}
Jafarinia M^{109, 244, 445}
Jahani MA^{109, 167, 244}
Jakovljevic M^{109, 244, 446, 447}
Jalilian F^{109, 110, 244}
James SL^{29, 109, 244}
Janjani H^{109, 244, 304, 448}
Javaheri T^{109, 244, 449}
Javidnia J^{109, 244, 450}
Jeemon P^{109, 244, 451}
Jenabi E^{109, 244, 452}
Jha RP^{109, 244, 453, 454}
Jha V^{109, 244, 455}
Ji JS^{109, 244, 456}
Johansson L^{109, 244, 457}
John O^{109, 244, 458}
Johnakinola YO^{109, 244, 427}
Johnson CO^{29, 109, 244}
Jonas JB^{109, 244, 459, 460}
Joukar F^{109, 244, 396}
Jozwiak JJ^{109, 244, 461}
Jurisson M^{109, 244, 462}
Kabir A^{109, 244, 463}
Kabir Z^{109, 244, 464}
Kalani H^{109, 244, 465}
Kalani R^{109, 244, 466}
Kalankesh LR^{109, 244, 467}
Kalhor R^{109, 244, 468}
Kanchan T^{109, 244, 469}
Kapoor N^{109, 122, 244}
Matin BK^{109, 244, 303}
Karch A^{109, 244, 470}
Karim MA^{109, 244, 471, 472}
Kassa GM^{109, 244, 473}
Katikireddi SV^{109, 244, 474}
Kayode GA^{109, 244, 475, 476}
Kazemi Karyani A^{109, 244, 303}
Keiyoro PN^{109, 244, 477}
Keller C^{29, 109, 244}
Kemmer L^{29, 109, 244}
Kendrick PJ^{29, 109, 244}
Khalid N^{109, 244, 478}
Khammarnia M^{109, 244, 479}
Khan EA^{109, 244, 480}
Khan M^{109, 244, 481}
Khatab K^{109, 244, 482, 483}
Khater MM^{109, 244, 484}
Khatib MN^{109, 244, 485}
Khayamzadeh M^{109, 244, 486, 487}
Khazaei S^{109, 244, 488}
Kieling C^{109, 244, 489, 490}
Kim YJ^{109, 244, 491, 492}
Kimokoti RW^{109, 244, 493}
Kisa A^{109, 244, 494}
Kisa S^{109, 244, 495}
Kivimaki M^{109, 244, 496}
Knibbs LD^{109, 244, 288}
Knudsen AKS^{109, 244, 497}
Kocarnik JM^{109, 244, 498}
Kochhar S^{109, 244, 499, 500}
Kopec JA^{109, 244, 501}
Korshunov VA^{109, 191, 244}
Koul PA^{109, 244, 502}
Koyanagi A^{109, 244, 503, 504}
Kraemer MUG^{109, 244, 505}
Krishan K^{109, 244, 506}
Krohn KJ^{29, 109, 244}
Kromhout H^{109, 244, 507}
Kuate Defo B^{109, 244, 508, 509}
Kumar GA^{109, 244, 510}
Kumar V^{109, 244, 511}
Kurmi OP^{109, 244, 512}
Kusuma D^{109, 244, 513, 514}
La Vecchia C^{109, 244, 515}
Lacey B^{109, 244, 516}
Lal DK^{109, 244, 510}
Lalloo R^{109, 244, 517}
Lallukka T^{109, 244, 518}
Lami FH^{109, 244, 519}
Landires I^{109, 244, 520}
Lang JJ^{109, 244, 521}
Langan SM^{109, 244, 522, 523}
Larsson AO^{109, 244, 524, 525}
Lasrado S^{109, 244, 526}
Lauriola P^{109, 244, 527}
Lazarus JV^{109, 244, 528}
Lee PH^{109, 244, 529}
Lee SWH^{109, 244, 530, 531}
Legrand KE^{29, 109, 244}
Leigh J^{109, 244, 532}
Leonardi M^{109, 244, 533}
Lescinsky H^{29, 109, 244}
Leung J^{109, 244, 534}
Levi M^{109, 130, 244}
Li S^{109, 228, 244}
Lim LL^{109, 244, 535, 536}
Linn S^{109, 244, 537}
Liu S^{109, 244, 538}
Liu S^{109, 244, 538}
Liu Y^{109, 244, 540}
Lo J^{29, 109, 244}
Lopez AD^{28, 29, 109, 244, 541}
Lopez JCF^{109, 244, 542, 543}
Lopukhov PD^{109, 191, 244}
Lorkowski S^{109, 244, 544, 545}
Lotufo PA^{109, 244, 546}
Lu A^{29, 109, 244}
Lugo A^{109, 244, 326}
Maddison ER^{109, 128, 244}
Mahasha PW^{109, 244, 547}
Mahdavi MM^{109, 244, 548}
Mahmoudi M^{109, 244, 549}
Majeed A^{109, 244, 357, 680}
Maleki A^{109, 244, 550}
Maleki S^{109, 244, 551}
Malekzadeh R^{109, 244, 552, 553}
Malta DC^{109, 244, 554}
Mamun AA^{109, 244, 392}
Manda AL^{109, 244, 555}
Manguerra H^{29, 109, 244}
Mansourghanaei F^{109, 244, 395, 396}
Mansouri B^{109, 244, 556}
Mansournia MA^{109, 244, 412}
Mantilla Herrera AM^{109, 244, 557}
Maravilla JC^{109, 244, 392}
Marks A^{29, 109, 244}
Martin RV^{109, 244, 384, 558}
Martini S^{109, 244, 559, 560}
Martinsmelo FR^{109, 244, 561}
Masaka A^{109, 244, 562}
Masoumi SZ^{109, 244, 563}
Mathur MR^{109, 244, 564, 565}
Matsushita K^{109, 129, 244}
Maulik PK^{109, 244, 566, 567}
Mcalinden C^{109, 244, 568}
Mcgrath JJ^{109, 244, 569, 570}
Mckee M^{109, 244, 571}
Mehndiratta MM^{109, 244, 572, 573}
Mehri F^{109, 244, 574}
Mehta KM^{109, 244, 575}
Memish ZA^{109, 244, 576, 577}
Mendoza W^{109, 244, 578}
Menezes RG^{109, 244, 579}
Mengesha EW^{109, 244, 580}
Mereke A^{109, 244, 581, 582}
Mereta ST^{109, 244, 583}
Meretoja A^{109, 244, 584, 585}
Meretoja TJ^{109, 244, 586, 587}
Mestrovic T^{109, 244, 588, 589}
Miazgowski B^{109, 244, 590, 591}
Miazgowski T^{109, 244, 592}
Michalek IM^{109, 244, 593}
Miller TR^{109, 244, 594}
Mills EJ^{109, 244, 595}
Mini GK^{109, 244, 596, 597}
Miri M^{109, 244, 598, 599}
Mirica A^{83, 109, 244}
Mirrakhimov EM^{109, 244, 600, 601}
Mirzaei H^{109, 244, 602}
Mirzaei M^{109, 244, 603}
Mirzaei R^{109, 244, 604, 605}
Mirzaeialavijeh M^{109, 110, 244}
Misganaw AT^{28, 29, 109, 244}
Mithra P^{109, 244, 606}
Moazen B^{109, 244, 607}
Mohammad DK^{109, 244, 608, 609}
Mohammad Y^{109, 244, 610}
Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N^{109, 244, 611}
Mohammadianhafshejani A^{109, 244, 612}
Mohammadifard N^{109, 244, 613}
Mohammadpourhodki R^{109, 244, 614}
Mohammed AS^{109, 244, 615}
Mohammed H^{109, 244, 616}
Mohammed JA^{109, 244, 617}
Mohammed S^{109, 244, 618}
Mokdad AH^{28, 29, 109, 244}
Molokhia M^{109, 243, 244}
Monasta L^{109, 244, 619}
Mooney MD^{29, 109, 244}
Moradi G^{109, 244, 620, 621}
Moradi M^{109, 244, 303}
Moradilakeh M^{107, 109, 244}
Moradzadeh R^{71, 109, 244}
Moraga P^{109, 244, 622}
Morawska L^{109, 244, 623}
Morgadodacosta J^{109, 244, 624}
Morrison SD^{109, 244, 625}
Mosapour A^{109, 244, 626, 627}
Mosser JF^{29, 109, 244}
Mouodi S^{109, 167, 244}
Mousavi SM^{109, 125, 244}
Khaneghah AM^{109, 244, 628}
Mueller UO^{109, 244, 629, 630}
Mukhopadhyay S^{109, 244, 631}
Mullany EC^{29, 109, 244}
Musa KI^{109, 244, 632}
Muthupandian S^{109, 244, 633}
Nabhan AF^{109, 244, 634, 635}
Naderi M^{109, 244, 551}
Nagarajan AJ^{109, 244, 636, 637}
Nagel G^{109, 244, 638}
Naghavi M^{28, 29, 109, 244}
Naghshtabrizi B^{109, 244, 639}
Naimzada MD^{109, 244, 640, 641}
Najafi F^{109, 244, 642}
Nangia V^{109, 244, 643}
Nansseu JR^{109, 244, 644, 645}
Naserbakht M^{109, 244, 646}
Nayak VC^{109, 126, 244}
Negoi I^{109, 244, 253, 647}
Ngunjiri JW^{109, 244, 648}
Nguyen CT^{109, 244, 649}
Nguyen HLT^{109, 244, 649}
Nguyen M^{29, 109, 244}
Nigatu YT^{109, 244, 650, 651}
Nikbakhsh R^{109, 244, 377}
Nixon MR^{29, 109, 244}
Nnaji CA^{109, 244, 441}
Nomura S^{109, 244, 652, 653}
Norrving B^{109, 244, 654}
Noubiap JJ^{109, 244, 655}
Nowak C^{103, 109, 244}
Nunezsamudio V^{109, 244, 656, 657}
Oancea B^{109, 244, 658}
Odell CM^{29, 109, 244}
Ogbo FA^{109, 244, 659}
Oh IH^{109, 244, 660}
Okunga EW^{109, 244, 661}
Oladnabi M^{109, 244, 662}
Olagunju AT^{109, 244, 663, 664}
Olusanya BO^{109, 244, 665}
Olusanya JO^{109, 244, 665}
Omer MO^{109, 244, 394}
Ong KL^{29, 109, 244}
Onwujekwe OE^{109, 244, 666}
Orpana HM^{109, 244, 667, 668}
Ortiz A^{109, 244, 669, 670}
Osarenotor O^{109, 244, 671}
Osei FB^{109, 244, 672, 673}
Ostroff SM^{29, 109, 244}
Otoiu A^{83, 109, 244}
Otstavnov N^{109, 244, 640}
Otstavnov SS^{109, 244, 640}
Overland S^{109, 244, 674, 675}
Owolabi MO^{109, 244, 676, 677}
Mahesh PA^{109, 244, 678}
Padubidri JR^{109, 244, 679}
Palladino R^{109, 231, 244, 357, 680}
Pandajonas S^{109, 244, 459}
Pandey A^{109, 244, 681}
Parry CDH^{109, 244, 682, 683}
Pasovic M^{29, 109, 244}
Pasupula DK^{109, 244, 684}
Patel SK^{109, 244, 686}
Pathak M^{109, 244, 687}
Patten SB^{109, 244, 688}
Patton GC^{109, 244, 689, 690}
Toroudi HP^{109, 244, 691, 692}
Peden AE^{47, 109, 244, 321}
Pennini A^{29, 109, 244}
Pepito VCF^{109, 244, 693}
Peprah EK^{109, 244, 694}
Pereira DM^{109, 244, 309}
Pesudovs K^{109, 244, 695}
Pham HQ^{109, 244, 649}
Phillips MR^{109, 244, 696, 697}
Piccinelli C^{109, 244, 698}
Pilz TM^{29, 109, 244}
Piradov MA^{109, 244, 699}
Pirsaheb M^{109, 244, 303}
Plass D^{109, 244, 700}
Polinder S^{109, 244, 701}
Polkinghorne KR^{109, 244, 702}
Pond CD^{109, 244, 703}
Postma MJ^{109, 244, 704, 705}
Pourjafar H^{109, 244, 706, 707}
Pourmalek F^{109, 184, 244}
Poznanska A^{109, 244, 708}
Prada SI^{109, 244, 709, 710}
Prakash V^{109, 244, 711}
Pribadi DRA^{109, 244, 712}
Pupillo E^{109, 148, 244}
Syed ZQ^{109, 244, 713}
Rabiee M^{109, 244, 714}
Rabiee N^{109, 244, 715}
Radfar A^{109, 244, 716}
Rafiee A^{109, 244, 717}
Raggi A^{109, 244, 533}
Rahman MA^{109, 244, 280, 718, 719}
Rajabpoursanati A^{109, 244, 720}
Rajati F^{109, 244, 303}
Rakovac I^{109, 244, 721}
Ram P^{109, 244, 722}
Ramezanzadeh K^{5, 109, 244, 723}
Ranabhat CL^{109, 244, 724, 725}
Rao PC^{29, 109, 244}
Rao SJ^{109, 244, 726}
Rashedi V^{109, 244, 727}
Rathi P^{109, 244, 408}
Rawaf DL^{109, 244, 728, 729}
Rawaf S^{109, 244, 357, 680, 730}
Rawal L^{109, 244, 731}
Rawassizadeh R^{109, 244, 732}
Rawat R^{109, 244, 733}
Razo C^{29, 109, 244}
Redford SB^{29, 109, 244}
Reitsma MB^{29, 109, 244}
Remuzzi G^{109, 168, 244}
Renjith V^{109, 244, 734}
Renzaho AMN^{109, 244, 735}
Resnikoff S^{109, 244, 695}
Rezaei N^{10, 109, 244, 736}
Rezaei N^{10, 109, 244, 736}
Rezapour A^{65, 109, 244}
Rhinehart PA^{29, 109, 244}
Riahi SM^{109, 244, 737}
Ribeiro DC^{109, 244, 738}
Ribeiro D^{109, 244, 739}
Rickard J^{109, 244, 740, 741}
Rivera JA^{109, 244, 742}
Roberts NLS^{29, 109, 244}
Rodriguezramirez S^{109, 244, 262}
Roever L^{109, 244, 743}
Ronfani L^{109, 244, 619}
Room R^{109, 244, 744, 745}
Roshandel G^{109, 244, 746}
Roth GA^{109, 244, 747}
Rothenbacher D^{109, 244, 638}
Rubagotti E^{109, 244, 748}
Rwegerera GM^{109, 244, 749}
Sabour S^{109, 244, 750}
Sachdev PS^{109, 244, 751, 752}
Saddik B^{109, 244, 753}
Sadeghi E^{109, 244, 303}
Sadeghi M^{109, 244, 754}
Saeedi R^{109, 244, 755}
Saeedi Moghaddam S^{109, 244, 302}
Safari Y^{109, 244, 303}
Safi S^{109, 244, 756}
Safiri S^{109, 244, 757, 758}
Sagar R^{109, 244, 759}
Sahebkar A^{109, 244, 760, 761}
Sajadi SM^{109, 244, 762, 763}
Salam N^{109, 244, 764}
Salamati P^{109, 244, 765}
Salem H^{109, 244, 766}
Salem MR^{109, 244, 767}
Salimzadeh H^{109, 244, 768}
Salman OM^{109, 244, 769, 770}
Salomon JA^{109, 244, 771}
Samad Z^{109, 244, 772, 773}
Samadi Kafil H^{109, 244, 774}
Sambala EZ^{109, 244, 441}
Samy AM^{109, 244, 775}
Sanabria J^{109, 244, 776, 777}
Sanchezpimienta TG^{109, 244, 778}
Santomauro DF^{109, 244, 779}
Santos IS^{109, 152, 244, 356}
Santos JV^{109, 244, 780, 781}
Santricmilicevic MM^{109, 244, 782}
Saraswathy SYI^{109, 244, 783, 784}
Sarmientosuarez R^{109, 244, 785, 786}
Sarrafzadegan N^{109, 244, 613}
Sartorius B^{109, 244, 787}
Sarveazad A^{109, 244, 788}
Sathian B^{109, 244, 789, 790}
Sathish T^{109, 244, 791}
Sattin D^{109, 244, 533}
Saxena S^{109, 244, 713}
Schaeffer LE^{29, 109, 244}
Schiavolin S^{109, 244, 533}
Schlaich MP^{109, 244, 792}
Schmidt MI^{109, 236, 244}
Schutte AE^{109, 244, 793, 794}
Schwebel DC^{109, 244, 795}
Schwendicke F^{109, 244, 796}
Senbeta AM^{109, 244, 797}
Senthilkumaran S^{109, 244, 798}
Sepanlou SG^{109, 244, 768}
Serdar B^{109, 244, 799, 800}
Serre ML^{109, 145, 244, 801}
Shadid J^{29, 109, 244, 288}
Shafaat O^{109, 244, 334}
Shahabi S^{109, 244, 802}
Shaheen AA^{109, 244, 803}
Shaikh MA^{109, 244, 804}
Shalash AS^{109, 244, 282}
Shamsbeyranvand M^{109, 244, 805}
Shamsizadeh M^{109, 244, 806}
Sharafi K^{109, 244, 303}
Sheikh A^{109, 244, 807, 808}
Sheikhtaheri A^{109, 244, 809}
Shibuya K^{109, 244, 810}
Shield KD^{109, 244, 811}
Shigematsu M^{109, 244, 812}
Shin JI^{109, 244, 813}
Shin MJ^{109, 244, 814}
Shiri R^{109, 244, 815}
Shirkoohi R^{109, 244, 816, 817}
Shuval K^{109, 244, 537}
Siabani S^{109, 244, 818, 819}
Sierpinski R^{109, 244, 820, 821}
Sigfusdottir ID^{109, 244, 822, 823}
Sigurvinsdottir R^{109, 244, 823}
Silva JP^{109, 204, 244}
Simpson KE^{29, 109, 244}
Singh JA^{109, 244, 824, 825}
Singh P^{109, 244, 826}
Skiadaresi E^{109, 244, 827}
Skou ST^{109, 244, 828, 829}
Skryabin VY^{109, 244, 830}
Smith EUR^{109, 244, 831}
Soheili A^{109, 244, 832}
Soltani S^{109, 244, 303}
Soofi M^{109, 110, 244}
Sorensen RJD^{109, 244, 499}
Soriano JB^{109, 244, 833, 834}
Sorrie MB^{109, 244, 835}
Soshnikov S^{109, 244, 836}
Soyiri IN^{109, 244, 837}
Spencer CN^{29, 109, 244}
Spotin A^{109, 244, 838}
Sreeramareddy CT^{109, 244, 839}
Srinivasan V^{109, 244, 840}
Stanaway JD^{28, 29, 109, 244}
Stein C^{109, 236, 244}
Stein DJ^{109, 244, 841}
Steiner C^{29, 109, 244}
Stockfelt L^{109, 244, 842}
Stokes MA^{109, 244, 843}
Straif K^{109, 244, 844}
Stubbs JL^{109, 244, 845}
Sufiyan MB^{109, 244, 846}
Suleria HAR^{109, 244, 847}
Suliankatchi Abdulkader R^{109, 244, 848, 849}
Sulo G^{109, 244, 850}
Sultan I^{109, 244, 851, 852}
Tabaresseisdedos R^{109, 244, 853, 854}
Tabb KM^{109, 244, 855}
Tabuchi T^{109, 244, 856}
Taherkhani A^{109, 244, 857}
Tajdini M^{109, 244, 858}
Takahashi K^{109, 244, 859}
Takala JS^{109, 244, 860, 861}
Tamiru AT^{109, 244, 862}
Taveira N^{109, 244, 863, 864}
Tehranibanihashemi A^{109, 244, 865}
Temsah MH^{76, 109, 244}
Tesema GA^{42, 109, 244}
Tessema ZT^{42, 109, 244}
Thurston GD^{109, 244, 866}
Titova MV^{109, 244, 867}
Tohidinik HR^{109, 244, 868}
Tonelli M^{109, 244, 869}
Topormadry R^{109, 244, 870, 871}
Topouzis F^{109, 244, 872}
Torre AE^{29, 109, 244}
Touvier M^{109, 244, 873, 874}
Tovanipalone MR^{109, 244, 875, 876}
Tran BX^{109, 244, 877}
Travillian R^{29, 109, 244}
Tsatsakis A^{109, 244, 878}
Tudor Car LT^{109, 244, 879}
Tyrovolas S^{109, 244, 880}
Uddin R^{109, 244, 881}
Umeokonkwo CD^{109, 244, 882}
Unnikrishnan B^{109, 244, 408}
Upadhyay E^{109, 244, 883}
Vacante M^{109, 171, 244}
Valdez PR^{109, 244, 884, 885}
Van Donkelaar A^{109, 244, 383, 384}
Vasankari TJ^{109, 244, 886}
Vasseghian Y^{109, 244, 303}
Veisani Y^{109, 244, 887}
Venketasubramanian N^{109, 244, 888, 889}
Violante FS^{109, 244, 890}
Vlassov V^{109, 244, 891}
Vollset SE^{29, 109, 244}
Vos T^{29, 109, 244}
Vukovic R^{109, 244, 892, 893}
Waheed Y^{109, 244, 894}
Wallin MT^{109, 244, 895, 896}
Wang Y^{109, 244, 897}
Wang YP^{109, 244, 898}
Watson A^{29, 109, 244}
Wei J^{109, 244, 899}
Wei MYW^{109, 244, 900}
Weintraub RG^{109, 244, 901, 902}
Weiss J^{109, 244, 903, 904}
Werdecker A^{109, 244, 905}
West JJ^{109, 145, 244, 801}
Westerman R^{109, 244, 906}
Whisnant JL^{29, 109, 244}
Whiteford HA^{29, 109, 244, 288}
Wiens KE^{29, 109, 244}
Wolfe CDA^{109, 244, 897, 907}
Wozniak SS^{29, 109, 244}
Wu AM^{109, 244, 908}
Wu J^{29, 109, 244}
Wulf Hanson S^{29, 109, 244}
Xu G^{109, 244, 909}
Xu R^{29, 109, 244}
Yadgir S^{29, 109, 244}
Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH^{109, 244, 910}
Yamagishi K^{109, 244, 911, 912}
Yaminfirooz M^{109, 244, 913}
Yano Y^{109, 244, 914}
Yaya S^{109, 244, 915, 916}
Yazdifeyzabadi V^{109, 244, 917, 918}
Yeheyis TY^{109, 244, 919}
Yilgwan CS^{109, 244, 920, 921}
Yilma MT^{109, 244, 922}
Yip P^{109, 244, 923, 924}
Yonemoto N^{109, 244, 925, 926}
Younis MZ^{109, 244, 927, 928}
Younker TP^{109, 244, 929}
Yousefi B^{109, 244, 930}
Yousefi Z^{109, 244, 931}
Yousefinezhadi T^{109, 244, 932}
Yousuf AY^{109, 244, 394}
Yu C^{109, 244, 898}
Yusefzadeh H^{63, 109, 244}
Moghadam TZ^{109, 244, 933}
Zamani M^{109, 244, 934}
Zamanian M^{71, 109, 244}
Zandian H^{109, 244, 933, 935}
Zastrozhin MS^{109, 244, 936, 937}
Zhang Y^{109, 244, 938, 939}
Zhang ZJ^{109, 244, 940}
Zhao JT^{29, 109, 244}
Zhao XJG^{109, 244, 941, 942}
Zhao Y^{109, 244, 943}
Zheng P^{29, 109, 244}
Zhou M^{109, 244, 944}
Ziapour A^{109, 244, 818}
Zimsen SRM^{29, 109, 244}
Lim SS^{28, 29, 109, 244}
Murray CJL^{28, 29, 109, 244}

Show Affiliations

1. Department of Juridical and Economic Studies, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
2. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
3. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tehran, Iran
4. Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
5. School of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
6. The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran, Iran
7. Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
8. Biostatistics Department, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
9. Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Madda Walabu University, Bale Robe, Ethiopia
10. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran, Iran
11. Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
12. Department of Cardiology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
13. University of Limoges, Limoges, France
14. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
15. Department of Research, Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines
16. Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
17. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
18. Department of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
19. Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
20. School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
21. School of Laboratory Medicine and Science, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
22. Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
23. Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
24. Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
25. School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
26. Social Behavioral Research Branch, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
27. Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington DC, DC, United States
28. Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
29. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, United States
30. Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
31. Urology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
32. Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Delhi, India
33. Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
34. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
35. Lincoln Medical School, Universities of Nottingham and Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
36. Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
37. Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
38. Department of Ophthalmology, Tehran, Iran
39. Ophthalmic Research Center, Tehran, Iran
40. Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
41. Australian Center for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
42. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
43. Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
44. Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
45. Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
46. Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
47. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
48. Department of Public Health, The Intercountry Centre for Oral Health (ICOH) for Africa, Jos, Nigeria
49. Department of Public Health, Federal Ministry of Health, Garki, Nigeria
50. Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, MN, United States
51. John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
52. Clinical Epidemiology Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, St Louis, MO, United States
53. Murdoch Business School, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
54. Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
55. Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
56. Health Information Management and Technology Department, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
57. College of Medicine and Health Science, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
58. Department of Midwifery, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
59. Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
60. Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
61. Department of Information Systems, College of Economics and Political Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
62. Directorate for Social Statistics and Population Census, Italian National Institute of Statistics, Rome, Italy
63. Department of Health Care Management and Economics, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
64. Health Economics Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
65. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
66. Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Bandar Abbas, Iran
67. Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
68. International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
69. Bordeaux School of Public Health, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
70. Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
71. Department of Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
72. Medical Research Center, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
73. Department of Parasitology, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
74. Research Program of Epidemiology and Public Health, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
75. Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Biomedical Research Networking Center in Epidemiology and Public Health (CiberESP), Madrid, Spain
76. Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
77. Health Management and Economics Reasearch Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
78. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kermanshah, Iran
79. Maternal and Child Wellbeing, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
80. Pharmacy Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
81. Neurology Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
82. Cardiology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
83. Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
84. School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
85. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
86. Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz, Iran
87. Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
88. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
89. Research Center on Public Health, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
90. Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
91. Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
92. Agribusiness Study Program, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
93. Department of Parasitology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
94. Department of Parasitology, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
95. Department of Pathology, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
96. Department of Sociology and Social Work, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
97. Center for International Health, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
98. Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
99. Department of Applied Math, Seattle, WA, United States
100. Regional Centre for the Analysis of Data on Occupational and Work-related Injuries and Diseases, Local Health Unit Tuscany Centre, Florence, Italy
101. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
102. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
103. Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
104. School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
105. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Babol, Iran
106. Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
107. Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
108. Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
109. Neurology Department, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
110. Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran
111. Department of Health System and Health Economics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
112. Faculty of Nursing, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
113. Gastroenterology Department, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
114. School of Business, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
115. The Judith Lumley Centre, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
116. School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
117. Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
118. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan, Iran
119. Department of Reproductive Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
120. Public Health Risk Sciences Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
121. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
122. Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, India
123. Department of Healthcare Management and Education, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
124. Department of Anesthesiology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
125. Department of Health Policy, Management, and Economics, Tehran, Iran
126. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Mangalore, India
127. Epidemiology Department, Local Health Authority of Florence, Firenze, Italy
128. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
129. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
130. Department of Prevention, USL Tuscany Center, Florence, Italy
131. Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
132. Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
133. School of Health Sciences, Walden University, Minneapolis, MN, United States
134. Department of Nursing, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
135. School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
136. T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
137. Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
138. Department of Industrial Engineering, Pontifical Javeriana University, Bogota, Colombia
139. Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
140. Center for Primary Care, Boston, MA, United States
141. School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
142. Department of Psychiatry, University of Munster, Munster, Germany
143. Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
144. Health Human Resources Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
145. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
146. Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
147. Department of Community Medicine, Gandhi Medical College Bhopal, Bhopal, India
148. Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
149. Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
150. Dijon Stroke Registry - UFR Sciences Sante, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
151. School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
152. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
153. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
154. Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
155. Department of Internal Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
156. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
157. Department of Health Information Management, Mangalore, India
158. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
159. Institutes of Applied Health Research and Translational Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
160. Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
161. School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
162. Public Health Research Laboratory, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
163. Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
164. Department of Statistics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
165. Centre for Global Child Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
166. Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
167. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Babol, Iran
168. Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
169. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
170. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
171. Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
172. Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Adis Ababa, Ethiopia
173. Department of Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debretabor, Ethiopia
174. Transport and Road Safety (TARS) Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
175. School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
176. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
177. Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
178. Department of Research and Innovation, Petanux Research GmBH, Bonn, Germany
179. Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Ramon de la Fuente Muniz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico
180. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
181. Department of Endocrinology, Hamadan, Iran
182. Department of Oncology, Milan, Italy
183. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington DC, DC, United States
184. School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
185. Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
186. Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Department, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
187. Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
188. Institute of Epidemiology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
189. Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
190. Department of Biomedical Technologies, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
191. Department of Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
192. Neuroscience Unit, Institute for Scientific Research and High Technology Services, Panama City, Panama
193. Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
194. Department of Community Medicine, Employee State Insurance Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bengalore, India
195. School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
196. Al Shifa School of Public Health, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
197. Institute of Microengineering, Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
198. Department of Nutrition, Boston, MA, United States
199. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
200. Health and Nutrition Research Center, Cuernavaca, Mexico
201. Department of Health Care, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Mexico City, Mexico
202. Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy
203. Department of Medical, Karolinska Institutet, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
204. Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
205. Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
206. Colombian National Health Observatory, National Institute of Health, Bogota, Colombia
207. Epidemiology and Public Health Evaluation Group, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
208. Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
209. Department of Mental Health, Healthcare Agency Friuli Occidentale, Pordenone, Italy
210. Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama, Panama
211. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
212. National Institute of Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
213. Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
214. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
215. Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, United States
216. Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
217. Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
218. Research Department, D.Y. Patil University, Pune, India
219. Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
220. Institute of Industrial Ecological Science, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
221. Division of Plastic Surgery, Seattle, WA, United States
222. Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
223. Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
224. Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Viet Nam
225. Department of Otolaryngology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
226. Department of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
227. Health Data Research UK, London, United Kingdom
228. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
229. School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
230. Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
231. Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
232. Department of Key Questions and International Cooperation, North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) Centre for Health, Bochum, Germany
233. Bielefeld School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
234. Health Effects Institute, Boston, MA, United States
235. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, United States
236. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
237. Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Park West, South Africa
238. Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
239. Environmental Health Department, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
240. Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
241. Clinical Dermatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
242. Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
243. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
244. Department of Clinical Toxicology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
245. Department of Information Technology, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
246. Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
247. Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
248. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
249. James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
250. Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
251. Institute of Biomedical Engineering (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
252. Department of Population and Development, Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
253. Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
254. Department of Surgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sf. Pantelimon, Bucharest, Romania
255. Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
256. National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
257. Dermatology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, St Louis, MO, United States
258. Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
259. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
260. School of Pharmacy, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia
261. Department of Pharmacy, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
262. Center for Nutrition and Health Research, Cuernavaca, Mexico
263. St Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
264. Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
265. Department of Microbiology, Far Western University, Mahendranagar, Nepal
266. Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
267. Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
268. Center of Complexity Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
269. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
270. Development of Research and Technology Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
271. Center of Excellence in Public Health Nutrition, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
272. Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Organisation, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
273. Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
274. Department of Health Policy and Management, Tabriz, Iran
275. Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
276. School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
277. Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saude Publica, Salvador, Brazil
278. Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
279. Department of Social Services, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
280. School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
281. Department of Nursing, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
282. Department of Neurology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
283. Biomedical Informatics and Medical Statistics Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
284. Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
285. Department of Public Health, Abu Dhabi University, Khalifa City, United Arab Emirates
286. Cardiology Department, Boston, MA, United States
287. Eijkman-Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia
288. School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
289. Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
290. Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran, Iran
291. Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
292. Department of Physiology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
293. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran, Iran
294. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
295. Unit of Medical Physiology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
296. School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
297. School of Public Health, Tehran, Iran
298. College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
299. Department of Medical Parasitology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
300. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
301. Department of Psychology, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, Brazil
302. Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran
303. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah, Iran
304. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran, Iran
305. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
306. National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
307. Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
308. Division of Neurology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
309. Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
310. Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
311. Psychiatry Department, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, CA, United States
312. School of Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ, United States
313. Institute of Gerontological Health Services and Nursing Research, Ravensburg-Weingarten University of Applied Sciences, Weingarten, Germany
314. James Cancer Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
315. Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
316. Institute of Gerontology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
317. Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
318. Department of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
319. Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
320. Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
321. College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
322. Department of Dermatology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
323. Division of Ophthalmology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
324. Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
325. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
326. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Milan, Italy
327. Department of Tuberculosis, Manhica Health Research Center (CISM), Manhica, Mozambique
328. Viral and Bacterial Infections Research Program, Barcelona, Spain
329. Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University, Bale Robe, Ethiopia
330. Department of Reproductive Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
331. Department of Environmental Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
332. Department of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
333. Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
334. Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
335. Infectious Disease Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran
336. Pediatric Department, Kermanshah, Iran
337. Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
338. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Tabriz, Iran
339. Occupational Health Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
340. Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
341. Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
342. Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
343. Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
344. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
345. Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
346. Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
347. Discipline of Public Health Medicine, Durban, South Africa
348. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
349. Laboratory of Neurological Disorders, Milan, Italy
350. Third Department of Neurology, Moscow, Russian Federation
351. Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
352. Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Federated States of Micronesia
353. Oncological Network, Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy
354. Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
355. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
356. Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
357. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
358. Health Improvement Directorate, London, United Kingdom
359. Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
360. Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
361. Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
362. Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
363. Department of Epidemiology, Saint James School of Medicine, The Valley, Anguilla
364. Department of Microbiology, Saint James School of Medicine, The Valley, Anguilla
365. Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health (IPTSP), Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
366. College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jijiga, Ethiopia
367. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
368. Department of Epidemiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai City, China
369. Department of Preventive Cardiology, Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute, Jaipur, India
370. Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi University Medical Sciences, Jaipur, India
371. Medical Resources, March of Dimes, Arlington, VA, United States
372. Health Policy, Management and Leadership, West Virginia University, School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, United States
373. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
374. School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran
375. MSc Epidemiology Programme, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
376. College of Medicine, Umm AL Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
377. Obesity Research Center, Tehran, Iran
378. Department of Pharmacology, Tehran, Iran
379. Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao
380. Department of Anatomical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
381. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
382. School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
383. Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
384. Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
385. Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
386. Department of Neurology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
387. Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
388. Research Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
389. Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Barcelona, Spain
390. Department of Zoology and Entomology, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
391. ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
392. Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
393. Department of Healthcare Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
394. Department of Public Health, Jigjiga University, Jijiga, Ethiopia
395. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
396. Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
397. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz, Iran
398. Skaane University Hospital, Skaane County Council, Malmoe, Sweden
399. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
400. Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, China
401. Santa Clara, CA, United States
402. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran, Iran
403. School of Business, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
404. Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran
405. Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
406. Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
407. Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
408. Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India
409. Centre for Bio Cultural Studies (CBiCS), Mangalore, India
410. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
411. Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Industrial Gases Limited, Tangail, Bangladesh
412. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran, Iran
413. Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tehran, Iran
414. Department of Computer Science, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
415. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
416. Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
417. Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
418. Clinical Legal Medicine Department, National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici, Bucharest, Romania
419. Division of Information and Computing Technology, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
420. Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
421. Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
422. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, China
423. School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
424. Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
425. Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
426. Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
427. Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
428. International Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
429. Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Seattle, WA, United States
430. Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
431. Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
432. Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
433. Department of Epidemiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
434. Division of Community Health and Family Medicine, Bangalore Baptist Hospital, Bangalore, India
435. College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
436. Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Tehran, Iran
437. Department of Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
438. Sydney Medical School, Sydney, NSW, Australia
439. Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-city, Japan
440. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
441. South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
442. Knowledge Translation, Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, BC, Canada
443. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
444. Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
445. Department of Immunology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
446. N. A. Semashko Department of Public Health and Healthcare, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
447. Department of Global Health, Economics and Policy, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
448. Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
449. Health Informatic Lab, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
450. Department of Medical Mycology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
451. Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
452. Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center, Hamadan, Iran
453. Department of Community Medicine, Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Delhi, India
454. Department of Community Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
455. George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
456. Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
457. Eiksmarka, Norway
458. Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
459. Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
460. Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China
461. Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
462. Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
463. Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
464. School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
465. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
466. Department of Neurology, Seattle, WA, United States
467. Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz, Iran
468. Health Services Management Department, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
469. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
470. Institute for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Munster, Munster, Germany
471. Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
472. Centre for Therapeutic Target Validation, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
473. College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
474. MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
475. International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
476. Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
477. Open, Distance and eLearning Campus, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
478. School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
479. Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
480. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
481. Epidemiology Department, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
482. Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
483. College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Zanesville, OH, United States
484. Department of Medical Parasitology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
485. Global Evidence Synthesis Initiative, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
486. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
487. The Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
488. Department of Epidemiology, Hamadan, Iran
489. Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
490. Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre, Brazil
491. Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
492. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
493. Department of Nutrition, Simmons University, Boston, MA, United States
494. School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
495. Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
496. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
497. Centre for Disease Burden, Bergen, Norway
498. Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
499. Department of Global Health, Seattle, WA, United States
500. Global Healthcare Consulting, New Delhi, India
501. Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
502. Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
503. Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
504. Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
505. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
506. Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
507. Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
508. Department of Demography, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
509. Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
510. Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
511. Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
512. Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
513. Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
514. Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
515. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
516. National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
517. School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
518. Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland
519. Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
520. Unit of Genetics and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
521. Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
522. Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
523. St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
524. Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
525. Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
526. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India
527. Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
528. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
529. School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
530. School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
531. School of Pharmacy, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
532. Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
533. Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy
534. Center for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
535. Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
536. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
537. School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
538. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
539. Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
540. Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
541. Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
542. Department of Nutrition, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
543. Alliance for Improving Health Outcomes, Inc., Quezon City, Philippines
544. Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
545. Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Jena, Germany
546. Department of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
547. Grants, Innovation and Product Development Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
548. Academy of Medical Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
549. Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
550. Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
551. Clinical Research Development Center, Kermanshah, Iran
552. Digestive Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran
553. Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
554. Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
555. General Surgery Department I, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
556. Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran
557. Psychiatric Epidemiology and Burden of Disease Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
558. Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, NS, United States
559. Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
560. Indonesian Public Health Association, Surabaya, Indonesia
561. Campus Caucaia, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceara, Caucaia, Brazil
562. Faculty of Health and Education, Botho University-Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
563. Department of Midwifery, Hamadan, Iran
564. Health Policy Research, Gurugram, India
565. Institute of Population Health Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
566. School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
567. Research Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
568. Department of Ophthalmology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
569. Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
570. National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
571. Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
572. Neurology Department, Janakpuri Super Specialty Hospital Society, New Delhi, India
573. Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
574. Nutrition Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
575. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
576. College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
577. Research and Innovation Center, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
578. Peru Country Office, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Lima, Peru
579. Forensic Medicine Division, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
580. Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
581. Health Research Institute, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
582. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
583. Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
584. School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
585. Neurology Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
586. University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
587. Breast Surgery Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
588. Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, Zora Profozic Polyclinic, Zagreb, Croatia
589. University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia
590. Center for Innovation in Medical Education, Szczecin, Poland
591. Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
592. Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases and Arterial Hypertension, Szczecin, Poland
593. Department of Women-Mother-Child, Vaud University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
594. Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, MD, United States
595. Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
596. Global Institute of Public Health, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India
597. Women's Institute for Social and Health Studies, Trivandrum, India
598. Department of Environmental Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
599. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
600. Internal Medicine Programme, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
601. Department of Atherosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Disease, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
602. Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
603. Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Kermanshah, Iran
604. Water Quality Research Center, Tehran, Iran
605. Comprehensive Research Laboratory, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
606. Department of Community Medicine, Mangalore, India
607. Institute of Addiction Research (ISFF), Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany
608. Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
609. Department of Forestry, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
610. Internal Medicine Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
611. Department of Biostatistics, Hamadan, Iran
612. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
613. Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
614. Kashmar Center of Higher Health Education, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
615. School of Pharmacy, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
616. Department of Public Health, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
617. Department of Public Health, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia
618. Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
619. Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
620. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
621. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
622. Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
623. International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
624. University Hospital Center of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
625. Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seattle, WA, United States
626. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol, Iran
627. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
628. Department of Food Science, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
629. Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany
630. Center for Population and Health, Wiesbaden, Germany
631. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital, Kolkata, India
632. School of Medical Sciences, Science University of Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
633. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
634. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
635. Knowledge Translation and Utilization Unit, Egyptian Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Egypt
636. Department of Research and Analytics, Bioinsilico Technologies, Chennai, India
637. Research and Analytics Department, Initiative for Financing Health and Human Development, Chennai, India
638. Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
639. Department of Cardiology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
640. Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
641. Experimental Surgery and Oncology Laboratory, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russian Federation
642. Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Kermanshah, Iran
643. Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India
644. Department for the Control of Disease, Epidemics, and Pandemics, Ministry of Public Health, Yaounde, Cameroon
645. Department of Public Health, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
646. Mental Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
647. Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
648. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya
649. Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
650. Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
651. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottowa, ON, Canada
652. Department of Global Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
653. Department of Health Policy and Management, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
654. Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
655. Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
656. Unit of Microbiology and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
657. Department of Public Health, Herrera, Panama
658. Administrative and Economic Sciences Department, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
659. Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, VIC, Australia
660. Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, South Korea
661. Disease Surveillance and Epidemic Response, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
662. Gorgan Congenital Malformations Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
663. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
664. Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
665. Centre for Healthy Start Initiative, Lagos, Nigeria
666. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
667. Substance Related Harms Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
668. School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
669. Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
670. Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Institute for Health Research Foundation Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
671. Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
672. Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
673. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
674. Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
675. Division of Mental and Physical Health, Bergen, Norway
676. Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
677. Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
678. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Academy of Health Education and Research, Mysore, India
679. Department of Forensic Medicine, Mangalore, India
680. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
681. Department of Research, Gurugram, India
682. Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
683. Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
684. Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
685. Centre for Sensorimotor Performance, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
686. Department of Poverty, Gender and Youth, Population Council, New Delhi, India
687. Research and Development Department, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
688. Community Health Sciences Department, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
689. Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
690. Population Health Theme, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
691. Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
692. Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
693. Center for Research and Innovation, Ateneo De Manila University, Pasig City, Philippines
694. School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
695. School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
696. Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
697. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
698. SSD Epidemiology Screening, City of Health and Science University Hospital of Turin, Turin, Italy
699. Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russian Federation
700. Department of Environmental Hygiene, German Environment Agency, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
701. Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
702. Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
703. Discipline of General Practice, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
704. School of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
705. University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
706. Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
707. Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
708. Department of Population Health Monitoring and Analysis, Cuernavaca, Mexico
709. Clinical Research Center, Valle del Lili Foundation, Cali, Colombia
710. Center for Studies in Social Protection and Health Economics, ICESI University, Cali, Colombia
711. Askok and Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, India
712. Health Sciences Department, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, Sukoharjo, Indonesia
713. Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
714. Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
715. Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
716. College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
717. Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
718. Department of Community Medicine, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Ambala, India
719. School of Nursing and Healthcare Professions, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia
720. Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
721. Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
722. Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
723. School of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
724. Research Department, Policy Research Institute, Kathmandu, Nepal
725. Health and Public Policy Department, Global Center for Research and Development, Kathmandu, Nepal
726. Department of Oral Pathology, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India
727. Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
728. WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
729. University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
730. Academic Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
731. School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQ University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
732. Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
733. Department of Mathematical Demography and Statistics, Mumbai, India
734. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Muharraq Governorate, Bahrain
735. School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, VIC, Australia
736. Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
737. Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
738. School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
739. Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
740. Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
741. Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
742. Cuernavaca, Mexico
743. Department of Clinical Research, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
744. Centre for Alcohol Policy Research (CAPR), La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
745. Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
746. Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (GRCGH), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
747. Division of Cardiology, Seattle, WA, United States
748. Agrosavia, Palmira, Colombia
749. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
750. Department of Epidemiology, Tehran, Iran
751. School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
752. Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
753. Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
754. Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
755. Department of Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE), Tehran, Iran
756. Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
757. Aging Research Institute, Tabriz, Iran
758. Department of Community Medicine, Tabriz, Iran
759. Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
760. Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
761. Halal Research Center of IRI, Food and Drug Administration of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran
762. Department of Phytochemistry, Soran University, Soran, Iraq
763. Department of Nutrition, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
764. Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
765. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran, Iran
766. Urology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
767. Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
768. Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
769. Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
770. Global Health Institute, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
771. Center for Health Policy, Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
772. Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
773. Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
774. Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz, Iran
775. Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
776. Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
777. Department of Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
778. National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
779. West Moreton Hospital Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
780. Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
781. Public Health Unit, ACES Grande Porto VIII - Espinho/Gaia, Northern Region Health Administration, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
782. School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
783. Department of Community Medicine, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India
784. PSG-FAIMER South Asia Regional Institute, Coimbatore, India
785. Faculty of Medicine, University of Applied and Environmental Sciences, Bogota, Colombia
786. National School of Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
787. Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
788. Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
789. Department of Geriatrics and Long Term Care, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
790. Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
791. Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
792. Dobney Hypertension Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
793. University of New South Wales, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
794. Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
795. Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
796. Oral Diagnosis, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Charite University Medical Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
797. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jigjiga University, Jijiga, Ethiopia
798. Emergency Department, Manian Medical Centre, Erode, India
799. School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
800. Environmental Health Associates LLC, Englewood, CO, United States
801. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
802. Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
803. Public Health Division, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
804. Karachi, Pakistan
805. School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
806. Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life, and Social Welfare, University of Boras, Boras, Sweden
807. Division of General Internal Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
808. Centre for Medical Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
809. Health Information Management, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
810. Institute for Population Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
811. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
812. National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Bucuresti, Romania
813. College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
814. Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
815. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
816. Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
817. Cancer Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
818. Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Kermanshah, Iran
819. School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
820. Medical Research Agency, Warsaw, Poland
821. School of Medicine, Cardinal Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland
822. Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
823. Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
824. School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
825. Medicine Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Birmingham, AL, United States
826. Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, India
827. Department of Ophthalmology, Hywel Dda University Health Board, Llanelli, United Kingdom
828. Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
829. Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Nastved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Slagelse, Denmark
830. Department No.16, Moscow Research and Practical Centre on Addictions, Moscow, Russian Federation
831. Pain Management Research Institute (PMRI), Sydney, NSW, Australia
832. Nursing Care Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
833. Princess University Hospital, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
834. Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
835. Department of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
836. Department of Research Development, Moscow, Russian Federation
837. Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull City, United Kingdom
838. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Tabriz, Iran
839. Division of Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
840. David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
841. Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders Research Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
842. Occupational and Environmental Medicine Department, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
843. Department of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
844. Schiller Institute, Boston College, Boston, MA, United States
845. Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
846. Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
847. Department of Agriculture and Food Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
848. National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
849. Department of Statistics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, India
850. Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
851. Pediatric Services, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
852. Pediatrics Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
853. Carlos III Health Institute, Barcelona, Spain
854. Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
855. School of Social Work, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
856. Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
857. Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan, Iran
858. Tehran Heart Center, Tehran, Iran
859. Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
860. Department of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
861. International Comion on Occupational Health, Monteporzio Catone, Rome, Italy
862. Department of Midwifery, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
863. University Institute Egas Moniz, Monte da Caparica, Portugal
864. Research Institute for Medicines, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
865. Department of Community and Family Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
866. Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States
867. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
868. HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
869. Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
870. Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
871. Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Tariff System, Warsaw, Poland
872. 1st Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
873. Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France
874. Health, Medicine and Human Biology, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France
875. Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
876. Modestum LTD, London, United Kingdom
877. Department of Health Economics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
878. Department of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
879. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
880. St. John of God Health Park, San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
881. School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
882. Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Abakaliki, Nigeria
883. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
884. Argentine Society of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina
885. Velez Sarsfield Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
886. UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland
887. Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
888. Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
889. Raffles Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore
890. Occupational Health Unit, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
891. Department of Health Care Administration and Economics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
892. School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
893. Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mother and Child Healthcare Institute of Serbia Dr Vukan Cupic, Belgrade, Serbia
894. Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
895. School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
896. Department of Neurology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
897. School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
898. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
899. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
900. Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
901. Critical Care and Neurosciences Department, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
902. Cardiology Department, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
903. Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
904. Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
905. Demographic Change and Aging Research Area, Wiesbaden, Germany
906. Competence Center of Mortality-Follow-Up of the German National Cohort, Wiesbaden, Germany
907. NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St.Thomas' Hospital, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
908. Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
909. School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
910. Clinical Cancer Research Center, Milad General Hospital, Tehran, Iran
911. Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-city, Japan
912. Research and Development Center for Health Services, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
913. General Education Department, Babol, Iran
914. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
915. The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
916. School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
917. Department of Health Management, Policy, and Economics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
918. Health Services Management Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
919. School of Nursing, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
920. Pediatrics Department, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
921. Department of Pediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
922. Department of Public Health, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
923. Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
924. Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
925. Department of Neuropsychopharmaology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
926. Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
927. Department of Health Policy and Management, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
928. School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
929. Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
930. Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz, Iran
931. Department of Environmental Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
932. Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Research Center, Tehran, Iran
933. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
934. Student Research Committee, Babol, Iran
935. Department of Community Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
936. Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Moscow Research and Practical Centre on Addictions, Moscow, Russian Federation
937. Addictology Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
938. Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
939. School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
940. School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
941. School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
942. School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
943. Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
944. National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Source: The Lancet Published:2020

Abstract

Background: Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease. Methods: GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at the global level, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories. GBD uses a hierarchical list of risk factors so that specific risk factors (eg, sodium intake), and related aggregates (eg, diet quality), are both evaluated. This method has six analytical steps. (1) We included 560 risk–outcome pairs that met criteria for convincing or probable evidence on the basis of research studies. 12 risk–outcome pairs included in GBD 2017 no longer met inclusion criteria and 47 risk–outcome pairs for risks already included in GBD 2017 were added based on new evidence. (2) Relative risks were estimated as a function of exposure based on published systematic reviews, 81 systematic reviews done for GBD 2019, and meta-regression. (3) Levels of exposure in each age-sex-location-year included in the study were estimated based on all available data sources using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression method, or alternative methods. (4) We determined, from published trials or cohort studies, the level of exposure associated with minimum risk, called the theoretical minimum risk exposure level. (5) Attributable deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs were computed by multiplying population attributable fractions (PAFs) by the relevant outcome quantity for each age-sex-location-year. (6) PAFs and attributable burden for combinations of risk factors were estimated taking into account mediation of different risk factors through other risk factors. Across all six analytical steps, 30 652 distinct data sources were used in the analysis. Uncertainty in each step of the analysis was propagated into the final estimates of attributable burden. Exposure levels for dichotomous, polytomous, and continuous risk factors were summarised with use of the summary exposure value to facilitate comparisons over time, across location, and across risks. Because the entire time series from 1990 to 2019 has been re-estimated with use of consistent data and methods, these results supersede previously published GBD estimates of attributable burden. Findings: The largest declines in risk exposure from 2010 to 2019 were among a set of risks that are strongly linked to social and economic development, including household air pollution; unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing; and child growth failure. Global declines also occurred for tobacco smoking and lead exposure. The largest increases in risk exposure were for ambient particulate matter pollution, drug use, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body-mass index. In 2019, the leading Level 2 risk factor globally for attributable deaths was high systolic blood pressure, which accounted for 10·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·51–12·1) deaths (19·2% [16·9–21·3] of all deaths in 2019), followed by tobacco (smoked, second-hand, and chewing), which accounted for 8·71 million (8·12–9·31) deaths (15·4% [14·6–16·2] of all deaths in 2019). The leading Level 2 risk factor for attributable DALYs globally in 2019 was child and maternal malnutrition, which largely affects health in the youngest age groups and accounted for 295 million (253–350) DALYs (11·6% [10·3–13·1] of all global DALYs that year). The risk factor burden varied considerably in 2019 between age groups and locations. Among children aged 0–9 years, the three leading detailed risk factors for attributable DALYs were all related to malnutrition. Iron deficiency was the leading risk factor for those aged 10–24 years, alcohol use for those aged 25–49 years, and high systolic blood pressure for those aged 50–74 years and 75 years and older. Interpretation: Overall, the record for reducing exposure to harmful risks over the past three decades is poor. Success with reducing smoking and lead exposure through regulatory policy might point the way for a stronger role for public policy on other risks in addition to continued efforts to provide information on risk factor harm to the general public. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Abbafati C, et al.. "Global Burden of 87 Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019." The Lancet, vol. 396, no. 10258, 2020, pp. 1223-1249.
APA	Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasikangevari M, Abdallah F, Abdelalim A, Abdollahi M, Abdollahpour I, Abegaz KH, Abolhassani H, Aboyans V, Abreu LG, Abrigo MRM, Abualhasan A, Aburaddad LJ, Abushouk AI, Adabi M, Adekanmbi V, Adeoye AM, Adetokunboh OO, ... Murray CJL (2020). Global Burden of 87 Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet, 396(10258), 1223-1249.
Chicago	Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasikangevari M, Abdallah F, Abdelalim A, Abdollahi M, Abdollahpour I, et al.. "Global Burden of 87 Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019." The Lancet 396, no. 10258 (2020): 1223-1249.
Harvard	Abbafati C et al. (2020) 'Global Burden of 87 Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019', The Lancet, 396(10258), pp. 1223-1249.
Vancouver	Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasikangevari M, Abdallah F, Abdelalim A, Abdollahi M, et al.. Global Burden of 87 Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet. 2020;396(10258):1223-1249.
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Soheili A and Soltani S and Soofi M and Sorensen RJD and Soriano JB and Sorrie MB and Soshnikov S and Soyiri IN and Spencer CN and Spotin A and Sreeramareddy CT and Srinivasan V and Stanaway JD and Stein C and Stein DJ and Steiner C and Stockfelt L and Stokes MA and Straif K and Stubbs JL and Sufiyan MB and Suleria HAR and Suliankatchi Abdulkader R and Sulo G and Sultan I and Tabaresseisdedos R and Tabb KM and Tabuchi T and Taherkhani A and Tajdini M and Takahashi K and Takala JS and Tamiru AT and Taveira N and Tehranibanihashemi A and Temsah MH and Tesema GA and Tessema ZT and Thurston GD and Titova MV and Tohidinik HR and Tonelli M and Topormadry R and Topouzis F and Torre AE and Touvier M and Tovanipalone MR and Tran BX and Travillian R and Tsatsakis A and Tudor Car LT and Tyrovolas S and Uddin R and Umeokonkwo CD and Unnikrishnan B and Upadhyay E and Vacante M and Valdez PR and Van Donkelaar A and Vasankari TJ and Vasseghian Y and Veisani Y and Venketasubramanian N and Violante FS and Vlassov V and Vollset SE and Vos T and Vukovic R and Waheed Y and Wallin MT and Wang Y and Wang YP and Watson A and Wei J and Wei MYW and Weintraub RG and Weiss J and Werdecker A and West JJ and Westerman R and Whisnant JL and Whiteford HA and Wiens KE and Wolfe CDA and Wozniak SS and Wu AM and Wu J and Wulf Hanson S and Xu G and Xu R and Yadgir S and Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH and Yamagishi K and Yaminfirooz M and Yano Y and Yaya S and Yazdifeyzabadi V and Yeheyis TY and Yilgwan CS and Yilma MT and Yip P and Yonemoto N and Younis MZ and Younker TP and Yousefi B and Yousefi Z and Yousefinezhadi T and Yousuf AY and Yu C and Yusefzadeh H and Moghadam TZ and Zamani M and Zamanian M and Zandian H and Zastrozhin MS and Zhang Y and Zhang ZJ and Zhao JT and Zhao XJG and Zhao Y and Zheng P and Zhou M and Ziapour A and Zimsen SRM and Lim SS and Murray CJL}, title = {Global Burden of 87 Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019}, journal = {The Lancet}, volume = {396}, number = {10258}, pages = {1223-1249}, year = {2020} }
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Andrei CL AU - Andrei T AU - Angus C AU - Anjomshoa M AU - Ansari F AU - Ansarimoghaddam A AU - Antonazzo IC AU - Antonio CAT AU - Antony CM AU - Antriyandarti E AU - Anvari D AU - Anwer R AU - Appiah SCY AU - Arabloo J AU - Arabzozani M AU - Aravkin AY AU - Ariani F AU - Armoon B AU - Arnlov J AU - Arzani A AU - Asadialiabadi M AU - Asadipooya AA AU - Ashbaugh C AU - Assmus M AU - Atafar Z AU - Atnafu DD AU - Atout MMW AU - Ausloos F AU - Ausloos M AU - Ayala Quintanilla BP AU - Ayano G AU - Ayanore MA AU - Azari S AU - Azarian G AU - Azene ZN AU - Badawi A AU - Badiye AD AU - Bahrami MA AU - Bakhshaei MH AU - Bakhtiari A AU - Bakkannavar SM AU - Baldasseroni A AU - Ball K AU - Ballew SH AU - Balzi D AU - Banach M AU - Banerjee SK AU - Bante AB AU - Baraki AG AU - Barkercollo SL AU - Barnighausen TW AU - Barrero LH AU - Barthelemy CM AU - Barua L AU - Basu S AU - Baune BT AU - Bayati M AU - Becker JS AU - Bedi N AU - Beghi E AU - Bejot Y AU - Bell ML AU - Bennitt FB AU - Bensenor IM AU - Berhe K AU - Berman AE AU - Bhagavathula AS AU - Bhageerathy R AU - Bhala N AU - Bhandari D AU - Bhattacharyya K AU - Bhutta ZA AU - Bijani A AU - Bikbov B AU - Bin Sayeed MSB AU - Biondi A AU - Birihane BM AU - Bisignano C AU - Biswas RK AU - Bitew H AU - Bohlouli S AU - Bohluli M AU - Boondooley AS AU - Borges G AU - Borzi AM AU - Borzouei S AU - Bosetti C AU - Boufous S AU - Braithwaite D AU - Brauer M AU - Breitborde NJK AU - Breitner S AU - Brenner H AU - Briant PS AU - Briko AN AU - Briko NI AU - Britton GB AU - Bryazka D AU - Bumgarner BR AU - Burkart K AU - Burnett RT AU - Burugina Nagaraja S AU - Butt ZA AU - Caetano Dos Santos FL AU - Cahill LE AU - Camera LA AU - Camposnonato IR AU - Cardenas R AU - Carreras G AU - Carrero JJ AU - Carvalho F AU - Castaldellimaia JM AU - Castanedaorjuela CA AU - Castelpietra G AU - Castro F AU - Causey K AU - Cederroth CR AU - Cercy KM AU - Cerin E AU - Chandan JS AU - Chang KL AU - Charlson FJ AU - Chattu VK AU - Chaturvedi S AU - Cherbuin N AU - 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