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Anti-Biofilm Properties of Eucalyptol in Combination With Antifungals Against Candida Albicans Isolates in Patients With Hematological Malignancy Publisher Pubmed



Keymaram M1, 2 ; Falahati M1 ; Farahyar S1, 3 ; Lotfali E4 ; Abolghasemi S5 ; Mahmoudi S1 ; Sadeghi F1 ; Khalandi H1 ; Ghasemi R6 ; Shamsaei S7 ; Raiesi O8, 9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Mycology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medial Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Parasitology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
  9. 9. Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran

Source: Archives of Microbiology Published:2022


Abstract

Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection caused mainly by Candida albicans and it is a major problem among hematologic malignancy patients. Biofilm formation is an attributable factor to both virulence and drug resistance of Candida species. The aim of the study was to evaluate the biofilm-producing ability of oral C. albicans isolates and to evaluate the inhibitory activity of eucalyptol on Candida biofilm, alone and in combination with antifungal agents. Samples were collected from the oral cavity of 106 patients with hematologic malignancy. The isolated yeasts were identified by PCR-sequencing. Then C. albicans isolates were analyzed for their biofilm-producing ability by crystal violet staining and MTT assay. The minimum biofilm inhibition concentrations (MBIC) of eucalyptol, amphotericin B, itraconazole, and nystatin and the in vitro interaction of eucalyptol with these drugs were tested according to CLSI-M-27-A3 protocol and checkerboard methods, respectively. From 106 patients, 50 (47.2%) were confirmed for oral candidiasis [mean ± SD age 39 ± 14 years; female 31 (62%) and male 19 (38%)]. C. albicans was isolated from 40 of 50 (80%) patients. From 40 C. albicans isolates, 24 (60%) and 16 (40%) were moderate and weak biofilm producer, respectively. The geometric mean MBIC of amphotericin B, itraconazole, nystatin and eucalyptol were 3.93 µg/mL, 12.55 µg/mL, 0.75 µg/mL and 798 µg/mL, respectively. Eucalyptol interacted synergistically with amphotericin B, itraconazole and nystatin against 12.5, 10, and 22.5% of isolates, respectively. Eucalyptol demonstrated promising activity against biofilm of C. albicans when tested alone or combined with antifungal drugs. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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