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Effects of Silymarin Supplementation on Liver and Kidney Functions: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Mohammadi S1 ; Ashtarylarky D2 ; Asbaghi O3 ; Farrokhi V4 ; Jadidi Y5 ; Mofidi F6 ; Mohammadian M7 ; Afrisham R5
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  2. 2. Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  3. 3. Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

Source: Phytotherapy Research Published:2024


Abstract

It is suggested that supplementation with silymarin (SIL) has beneficial impacts on kidney and liver functions. This systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis assessed the impact of SIL administration on certain hepatic, renal, and oxidative stress markers. A systematic search was conducted in various databases to identify relevant trials published until January 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of SIL on kidney and liver markers were included. A random-effects model was used for the analysis and 41 RCTs were included. The pooled results indicated that SIL supplementation led to a significant reduction in serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, creatinine, and aspartate aminotransferase, along with a substantial elevation in serum glutathione in the SIL-treated group compared to their untreated counterparts. In addition, there was a nonsignificant decrease in serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase, malondialdehyde (MDA), total bilirubin, albumin (Alb), total antioxidant capacity, and blood urea nitrogen. Sub-group analyses revealed a considerable decline in MDA and Alb serum values among SIL-treated participants with liver disease in trials with a longer duration (≥12 weeks). These findings suggest that SIL may ameliorate certain liver markers with potential hepatoprotective effects, specifically with long-term and high-dose supplementation. However, its nephroprotective effects and impact on oxidative stress markers were not observed. Additional high-quality RCTs with longer durations are required to determine the clinical efficacy of SIL supplementation on renal and oxidative stress markers. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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